非裔美国癌症幸存者和白种癌症幸存者对癌症临床试验的认知和参与意愿存在差异。
Disparities in awareness of and willingness to participate in cancer clinical trials between African American and White cancer survivors.
机构信息
Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984340 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4340, USA.
Department of Health Services Research and Administration, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
出版信息
BMC Cancer. 2022 Sep 15;22(1):983. doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-10082-9.
BACKGROUND
Cancer clinical trials (CCTs) are essential for cancer care, yet the evidence is scarce when it comes to racial disparities in CCT participation among cancer survivors in the Midwest. This study aimed to 1) assess disparities in the awareness of and willingness to participate in CCTs between African American and White cancer survivors; and 2) compare perceptions about CCTs between the two racial groups.
METHODS
The study was based on cross-sectional data from the survey "Minority Patient Participation in Cancer Clinical Trials" that collected information from 147 Black and White cancer survivors from Nebraska between 2015 and 2016. Chi-square tests and logistic regressions were used to assess differences between Black and White cancer survivors regarding their awareness, willingness, and perceptions associated with CCT participation.
RESULTS
After adjusting for the effects of socio-demographic, health status, and psychosocial variables, Black cancer survivors were much less likely than White cancer survivors to be aware of CCTs (AOR 0.26; CI 0.08-0.81), to express willingness to participate in CCTs (AOR 0.03; CI 0.01, 0.32) and to actually participate in CCTs (AOR 0.13; CI 0.04-0.38). Black cancer survivors reported a lower level of trust in physicians and were less likely than White cancer survivors to believe that CCTs make a significant contribution to science.
CONCLUSIONS
Relative to White cancer survivors, Black cancer survivors had much lower awareness of and willingness to participate in CCTs. Part of these differences might be related to the differential perception of CCTs, psychosocial factors, and trust in physicians between the two groups.
背景
癌症临床试验（CCTs）对于癌症治疗至关重要，但在中西部地区癌症幸存者参与 CCT 的种族差异方面，证据有限。本研究旨在：1）评估非裔美国人和白人癌症幸存者对 CCT 的认知和参与意愿的差异；2）比较这两个种族群体对 CCT 的看法。
方法
本研究基于 2015 年至 2016 年间从内布拉斯加州的 147 名黑人和白人癌症幸存者那里收集信息的“少数族裔患者参与癌症临床试验”调查的横断面数据。卡方检验和逻辑回归用于评估黑人和白人癌症幸存者在与 CCT 参与相关的认知、意愿和看法方面的差异。
结果
在调整了社会人口统计学、健康状况和心理社会变量的影响后，黑癌症幸存者比白癌症幸存者更不可能意识到 CCTs（AOR 0.26；CI 0.08-0.81），表达参与 CCTs 的意愿（AOR 0.03；CI 0.01，0.32），并实际参与 CCTs（AOR 0.13；CI 0.04-0.38）。黑癌症幸存者对医生的信任度较低，并且比白癌症幸存者更不可能认为 CCTs 对科学有重大贡献。
结论
与白癌症幸存者相比，黑癌症幸存者对 CCTs 的认知和参与意愿要低得多。这些差异的一部分可能与两组之间 CCTs 的不同看法、心理社会因素和对医生的信任有关。
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