Rozand Vianney, Grosprêtre Sidney, Stapley Paul J, Lepers Romuald
INSERM U1093, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté;
INSERM U1093, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
J Vis Exp. 2015 Sep 13(103):52974. doi: 10.3791/52974.
Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is a non-invasive method commonly used to evaluate neuromuscular function from brain to muscle (supra-spinal, spinal and peripheral levels). The present protocol describes how this method can be used to stimulate the posterior tibial nerve that activates plantar flexor muscles. Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation consists of inducing an electrical stimulus to a motor nerve to evoke a muscular response. Direct (M-wave) and/or indirect (H-reflex) electrophysiological responses can be recorded at rest using surface electromyography. Mechanical (twitch torque) responses can be quantified with a force/torque ergometer. M-wave and twitch torque reflect neuromuscular transmission and excitation-contraction coupling, whereas H-reflex provides an index of spinal excitability. EMG activity and mechanical (superimposed twitch) responses can also be recorded during maximal voluntary contractions to evaluate voluntary activation level. Percutaneous nerve stimulation provides an assessment of neuromuscular function in humans, and is highly beneficial especially for studies evaluating neuromuscular plasticity following acute (fatigue) or chronic (training/detraining) exercise.
经皮电神经刺激是一种常用的非侵入性方法，用于评估从脑到肌肉（脊髓上、脊髓和外周水平）的神经肌肉功能。本方案描述了如何使用这种方法刺激胫后神经，从而激活跖屈肌。经皮电神经刺激包括对运动神经施加电刺激以诱发肌肉反应。使用表面肌电图可在静息状态下记录直接（M波）和/或间接（H反射）电生理反应。机械（抽搐扭矩）反应可用力/扭矩测力计进行量化。M波和抽搐扭矩反映神经肌肉传递和兴奋-收缩偶联，而H反射提供脊髓兴奋性指标。在最大自主收缩期间也可记录肌电图活动和机械（叠加抽搐）反应，以评估自主激活水平。经皮神经刺激可对人体神经肌肉功能进行评估，尤其对评估急性（疲劳）或慢性（训练/停训）运动后神经肌肉可塑性的研究非常有益。
