Horii Takuro, Hatada Izuho
Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2015 Oct 1;16(10):23604-14. doi: 10.3390/ijms161023604.
Haploid cells are useful for studying gene functions because disruption of a single allele can cause loss-of-function phenotypes. Recent success in generating haploid embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in mice, rats, and monkeys provides a new platform for simple genetic manipulation of the mammalian genome. Use of haploid ESCs enhances the genome-editing potential of the CRISPR/Cas system. For example, CRISPR/Cas was used in haploid ESCs to generate multiple knockouts and large deletions at high efficiency. In addition, genome-wide screening is facilitated by haploid cell lines containing gene knockout libraries.
单倍体细胞对于研究基因功能很有用，因为单个等位基因的破坏会导致功能丧失表型。最近在小鼠、大鼠和猴子中成功产生单倍体胚胎干细胞（ESC），为哺乳动物基因组的简单遗传操作提供了一个新平台。使用单倍体ESC增强了CRISPR/Cas系统的基因组编辑潜力。例如，CRISPR/Cas被用于单倍体ESC中，以高效产生多个基因敲除和大片段缺失。此外，含有基因敲除文库的单倍体细胞系有助于全基因组筛选。
