Van Zalk Maarten Herman Walter, Van Zalk Nejra
Munster University.
Dev Psychopathol. 2015 Nov;27(4 Pt 1):1077-88. doi: 10.1017/S0954579415000693.
Evidence for the risks of psychopathic personality traits for adolescent antisocial behavior are well documented in the literature. Little is known, however, about who the peers of adolescents with these traits are and to what extent they influence one another. In the current study, three dimensions of psychopathic traits were distinguished: grandiose-manipulative traits, callous-unemotional traits, and impulsive-irresponsible traits. A dynamic social network approach was used with three waves of longitudinal data from 1,772 adolescents (51.1% girls, M age = 13.03 at first measurement). Results showed that adolescents with grandiose-manipulative and callous-unemotional traits formed peer relationships with adolescents who had low self-esteem. Furthermore, peers' violence predicted stronger increases in violence for adolescents with low self-esteem than for other adolescents, and peers' violence predicted stronger increases in adolescent violence for peers with high psychopathic traits than for other peers. Thus, findings indicate that adolescents with low self-esteem are vulnerable to deviant peer influence from peers with psychopathic traits.
文献中充分记载了具有精神病态人格特质对青少年反社会行为构成风险的证据。然而，对于具有这些特质的青少年的同龄人是谁以及他们相互影响的程度，我们却知之甚少。在当前的研究中，区分了精神病态特质的三个维度：浮夸-操纵特质、冷酷-无情特质和冲动-不负责任特质。采用动态社会网络方法，使用了来自1772名青少年（51.1%为女孩，首次测量时的平均年龄M = 13.03岁）的三波纵向数据。结果显示，具有浮夸-操纵特质和冷酷-无情特质的青少年与自尊心较低的青少年建立了同伴关系。此外，同伴的暴力行为对自尊心较低的青少年暴力行为增加的预测作用比对其他青少年更强，同伴的暴力行为对具有高精神病态特质的同伴的青少年暴力行为增加的预测作用比对其他同伴更强。因此，研究结果表明，自尊心较低的青少年容易受到具有精神病态特质同伴的不良同伴影响。
