Eisenbarth Hedwig, Demetriou Chara A, Kyranides Melina Nicole, Fanti Kostas A
Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Kallipoleos 65, 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, 2109, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
J Youth Adolesc. 2016 Sep;45(9):1889-901. doi: 10.1007/s10964-016-0520-4. Epub 2016 Jun 14.
Callous-unemotional traits and conduct disorder symptoms tend to co-occur across development, with existing evidence pointing to individual differences in the co-development of these problems. The current study identified groups of at risk adolescents showing stable (i.e., high on both conduct disorder and callous-unemotional symptoms, high only on either callous-unemotional or conduct disorder symptoms) or increasing conduct disorder and callous-unemotional symptoms. Data were collected from a sample of 2038 community adolescents between 15 and 18 years (1070 females, M age = 16) of age. A longitudinal design was followed in that adolescent reports were collected at two time points, 1 year apart. Increases in conduct disorder symptoms and callous-unemotional traits were accompanied by increases in anxiety, depressive symptoms, narcissism, proactive and reactive aggression and decreases in self-esteem. Furthermore, adolescents with high and stable conduct disorder symptoms and callous-unemotional traits were consistently at high risk for individual, behavioral and contextual problems. In contrast, youth high on callous-unemotional traits without conduct disorder symptoms remained at low-risk for anxiety, depressive symptoms, narcissism, and aggression, pointing to a potential protective function of pure callous-unemotional traits against the development of psychopathological problems.
冷酷无情特质与品行障碍症状在整个发育过程中往往同时出现，现有证据表明这些问题的共同发展存在个体差异。当前研究确定了处于风险中的青少年群体，这些群体表现出稳定的（即品行障碍和冷酷无情症状均高、仅冷酷无情或品行障碍症状高）或不断增加的品行障碍和冷酷无情症状。数据收集自2038名15至18岁的社区青少年样本（1070名女性，平均年龄 = 16岁）。采用纵向设计，在相隔1年的两个时间点收集青少年报告。品行障碍症状和冷酷无情特质的增加伴随着焦虑、抑郁症状、自恋、主动和反应性攻击行为的增加以及自尊的下降。此外，具有高且稳定的品行障碍症状和冷酷无情特质的青少年始终面临着个人、行为和情境问题的高风险。相比之下，具有高冷酷无情特质但无品行障碍症状的青少年在焦虑、抑郁症状、自恋和攻击行为方面仍处于低风险，这表明单纯的冷酷无情特质对心理病理问题的发展可能具有保护作用。
