Riazi Hedyeh, Alaei Shima, Emamhadi Mohammadali, Nazparvar Bashir, Salmani Fatemeh
Ph.D. of Reproductive Health, Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
M.Sc. of Midwifery, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Electron Physician. 2017 Nov 25;9(11):5705-5711. doi: 10.19082/5705. eCollection 2017 Nov.
Sexual violence is a serious public health problem which is common around the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate spiritual health and self-esteem in sexual violence victims.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 66 subjects in the group of sexual violence women and 147 subjects in the group of women with no experience of sexual violence who referred to Tehran Forensic Medical Center and the health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences respectively, in 2015, in Tehran, Iran. Sexual violence was considered as vaginal or anal penetration. Paloutzian & Ellison spiritual health questionnaire and Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used for data collecting. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 21. The Kolmogorov Simonov test was used for normality distribution of variables. Descriptive and the Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data. Statistical significance was set to p<0.05.
Sexual activity in both groups was started at 20 years old. Most of the abused subjects were single (48.8%), with education level below diploma (55.2%), unemployed (67%) and with an average annual income of 200 million Rials ($7,000). Familiarity with the offender was mostly as friendship (42.4%), and the offence had occurred through deception (37.8%). No significant difference was found between the total mean scores of self-esteem in the two groups (M1: 21.89, M2: 21.02; p=0.76) while a significant difference was seen between the mean scores of spiritual health, which indicates a lower level of spiritual health in women with sexual violence (M1: 74.59 (2.03), M2: 86.39 (3.12); p<0.001).
The results of the present study highlight the importance of spirituality in sexual violence so policies to promote spiritual health are recommended to protect women.
性暴力是一个严重的公共卫生问题，在全球普遍存在。本研究的目的是评估性暴力受害者的精神健康和自尊水平。
本横断面研究于2015年在伊朗德黑兰进行，分别对66名性暴力女性组和147名无性暴力经历女性组的受试者进行研究，她们分别前往德黑兰法医中心和沙希德·贝赫什提医科大学健康中心就诊。性暴力定义为阴道或肛门插入。采用帕洛齐安和埃里森精神健康问卷以及罗森伯格自尊量表收集数据。数据使用IBM-SPSS 21版进行分析。采用柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验分析变量的正态分布。使用描述性统计和曼-惠特尼检验分析数据。统计学显著性设定为p<0.05。
两组的性活动均始于20岁。大多数受虐受试者为单身（48.8%），教育水平低于文凭（55.2%），失业（67%），平均年收入为2亿里亚尔（7000美元）。与犯罪者的关系大多为朋友（42.4%），犯罪行为多通过欺骗发生（37.8%）。两组自尊总分均值之间未发现显著差异（M1：21.89，M2：21.02；p=0.76），而精神健康得分均值之间存在显著差异，这表明性暴力女性的精神健康水平较低（M1：74.59（2.03），M2：86.39（3.12）；p<0.001）。
本研究结果凸显了精神性在性暴力中的重要性，因此建议制定促进精神健康的政策以保护女性。
