Singh Sarita, Verma Mradul, Malhotra Meenakshi, Prakash Satya, Singh Tryambak Deo
a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , Uttar Pradesh , India and.
b Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Physiology and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
Pharm Biol. 2016;54(4):740-5. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1073334. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
Argemone mexicana Linn. (Papaveraceae) has been used as traditional medicine in India and Taiwan for the treatment of skin diseases, inflammations, bilious, fever, etc. Some alkaloids of A. mexicana have been screened for their cytotoxicity on different cancer cell lines.
The study investigates potential cytotoxic effects of alkaloids isolated from aerial part of A. mexicana on SW480 human colon cancer cell line.
Six alkaloids, 13-oxoprotopine, protomexicine, 8-methoxydihydrosanguinarine, dehydrocorydalmine, jatrorrhizine, and 8-oxyberberine were isolated from the methanol extract of A. mexicana. Cytotoxicity of these alkaloids was studied on SW480 human colon cancer cell line at 1, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, and 200 µg/mL for 24 and 48 h. Cells were seeded in a 96-well micro-plate at a concentration of 2 × 10(4) cells per well and MTS assay was performed to assess cytotoxicity in terms of cell viability.
At 200 µg/mL, protomexicine and 13-oxoprotopine showed mild cytotoxicity (∼24-28%) whereas dehydrocorydalmine exhibited moderate cytotoxicity (∼48%). 8-Oxyberberine was mildly cytotoxic (∼27%) at 24 h but was more potent (∼76%) at 48 h. Jatrorrhizine and 8-methoxydihydrosanguinarine were most potent (∼95-100%) in inhibiting the human colon cancer cell proliferation showing complete reduction in cell viability.
This is the first study on the effect of these alkaloids on SW480 human colon cancer cell line. This study indicates that some alkaloids of A. mexicana strongly inhibit the cell proliferation in human colon cancer cells, and it might be a basis for future development of a potent chemotherapeutic drug.
墨西哥蓟罂粟（罂粟科）在印度和台湾被用作传统药物，用于治疗皮肤病、炎症、胆汁病、发烧等。已对墨西哥蓟罂粟的一些生物碱进行了不同癌细胞系的细胞毒性筛选。
本研究调查从墨西哥蓟罂粟地上部分分离得到的生物碱对SW480人结肠癌细胞系的潜在细胞毒性作用。
从墨西哥蓟罂粟的甲醇提取物中分离出六种生物碱，即13-氧代原阿片碱、原甲氧基黄连碱、8-甲氧基二氢血根碱、脱氢紫堇碱、药根碱和8-氧化小檗碱。在1、25、50、75、100、125、150和200μg/mL浓度下，对SW480人结肠癌细胞系研究这些生物碱24小时和48小时的细胞毒性。将细胞以每孔2×10⁴个细胞的浓度接种于96孔微孔板中，并进行MTS测定以根据细胞活力评估细胞毒性。
在200μg/mL时，原甲氧基黄连碱和13-氧代原阿片碱表现出轻度细胞毒性（约24-28%），而脱氢紫堇碱表现出中度细胞毒性（约48%）。8-氧化小檗碱在24小时时具有轻度细胞毒性（约27%），但在48小时时更有效（约76%）。药根碱和8-甲氧基二氢血根碱在抑制人结肠癌细胞增殖方面最有效（约95-100%），显示细胞活力完全降低。
这是关于这些生物碱对SW480人结肠癌细胞系作用的首次研究。本研究表明，墨西哥蓟罂粟的一些生物碱强烈抑制人结肠癌细胞的增殖，这可能是未来开发强效化疗药物的基础。
