Young Jamie L, Wise Sandra S, Xie Hong, Zhu Cairong, Fukuda Tomokazu, Wise John Pierce
Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2015 Dec;178:145-155. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.09.013. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
Chromium is both a global marine pollutant and a known human health hazard. In this study, we compare the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of both soluble and particulate chromate in human and hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) skin fibroblasts. Our data show that both soluble and particulate Cr(VI) induce concentration-dependent increases in cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and intracellular Cr ion concentrations in both human and hawksbill sea turtle fibroblasts. Based on administered concentration, particulate and soluble Cr(VI) were more cytotoxic and clastogenic to human cells than sea turtle cells. When the analysis was based on the intracellular concentration of Cr, the data showed that the response of both species was similar. The one exception was the cytotoxicity of intracellular Cr ions from soluble Cr(VI), which caused more cytotoxicity in sea turtle cells (LC50=271μM) than that of human cells (LC50=471μM), but its clastogenicity was similar between the two species. Thus, adjusting for differences in uptake indicated that the explanation for the difference in potency was mostly due to uptake rather than differently affected mechanisms. Overall these data indicate that sea turtles may be a useful sentinel for human health responses to marine pollution.
铬既是一种全球海洋污染物，也是一种已知的对人类健康有害的物质。在本研究中，我们比较了可溶性和颗粒状铬酸盐对人类和玳瑁（蠵龟）皮肤成纤维细胞的细胞毒性和遗传毒性。我们的数据表明，可溶性和颗粒状六价铬均会导致人类和玳瑁成纤维细胞的细胞毒性、遗传毒性以及细胞内铬离子浓度呈浓度依赖性增加。基于给药浓度，颗粒状和可溶性六价铬对人类细胞的细胞毒性和致断裂性比海龟细胞更强。当基于细胞内铬浓度进行分析时，数据表明两个物种的反应相似。唯一的例外是可溶性六价铬产生的细胞内铬离子的细胞毒性，其对海龟细胞（半数致死浓度=271μM）的细胞毒性比对人类细胞（半数致死浓度=471μM）更强，但其致断裂性在两个物种之间相似。因此，针对摄取差异进行调整表明，效力差异的解释主要是由于摄取而非不同的作用机制。总体而言，这些数据表明海龟可能是人类对海洋污染健康反应的有用指示生物。
