Nguyen Michelle L T, Jones Sarah A, Prier Julia E, Russ Brendan E
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
Monash University Centre for Inflammatory Disease, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
Front Immunol. 2015 Sep 9;6:462. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00462. eCollection 2015.
The changes in phenotype and function that characterize the differentiation of naïve T cells to effector and memory states are underscored by large-scale, coordinated, and stable changes in gene expression. In turn, these changes are choreographed by the interplay between transcription factors and epigenetic regulators that act to restructure the genome, ultimately ensuring lineage-appropriate gene expression. Here, we focus on the mechanisms that control T cell differentiation, with a particular focus on the role of regulatory elements encoded within the genome, known as transcriptional enhancers (TEs). We discuss the central role of TEs in regulating T cell differentiation, both in health and disease.
从幼稚T细胞分化为效应细胞和记忆细胞状态所具有的表型和功能变化，是由基因表达的大规模、协调且稳定的变化所突显的。反过来，这些变化是由转录因子和表观遗传调控因子之间的相互作用编排的，它们作用于重组基因组，最终确保谱系特异性的基因表达。在这里，我们专注于控制T细胞分化的机制，特别关注基因组中编码的调控元件（称为转录增强子，TEs）的作用。我们讨论TEs在健康和疾病状态下调节T细胞分化中的核心作用。
