van Vunakis H, Tashkin D P, Rigas B, Simmons M, Gjika H B, Clark V A
Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts.
Arch Environ Health. 1989 Jan-Feb;44(1):53-8. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1989.9935873.
Serum and salivary cotinine levels were measured in 327 smoking and nonsmoking participants in a study of the health effects of marijuana with and without tobacco. These individuals had no reason to misrepresent their current tobacco-smoking status. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values positive and negative of the cotinine levels in distinguishing self-reported current tobacco smokers from nonsmokers was high (88-100%) and essentially the same for both fluids. Agreement between self-report and cotinine levels was not influenced by the presence or absence of marijuana smoking. A good correlation was found between serum and salivary cotinine levels in self-reported tobacco smokers (r = 0.84, p less than 0.001). Mean average levels were 279 +/- 144 ( +/- standard deviation) ng/ml for serum and 360 +/- 195 ng/ml for saliva. In a separate group of seven tobacco smokers, cotinine levels in saliva were found to be essentially independent of salivary flow rate. An analogous relationship has been observed by others for various compounds that are filtered to saliva from the blood. This may explain the close relationship observed between serum and salivary cotinine levels, and the observation made by others that the half-life of salivary cotinine is similar to that of serum cotinine.
在一项关于大麻对健康影响（有无烟草伴随）的研究中，对327名吸烟和不吸烟参与者的血清和唾液可替宁水平进行了测量。这些个体没有理由误报他们当前的吸烟状况。可替宁水平在区分自我报告的当前吸烟者和不吸烟者方面的敏感性、特异性以及阳性和阴性预测值都很高（88 - 100%），并且两种体液的情况基本相同。自我报告与可替宁水平之间的一致性不受是否吸食大麻的影响。在自我报告的吸烟者中，血清和唾液可替宁水平之间发现了良好的相关性（r = 0.84，p小于0.001）。血清的平均水平为279 ± 144（±标准差）ng/ml，唾液的平均水平为360 ± 195 ng/ml。在另一组7名吸烟者中，发现唾液中的可替宁水平基本与唾液流速无关。其他人也观察到从血液滤过到唾液中的各种化合物存在类似关系。这可能解释了血清和唾液可替宁水平之间观察到的密切关系，以及其他人所观察到的唾液可替宁半衰期与血清可替宁半衰期相似的现象。
