Corzo-León D E, Armstrong-James D, Denning D W
Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Department, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Mexico City, Mexico.
Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Mycoses. 2015 Oct;58 Suppl 5:34-44. doi: 10.1111/myc.12395.
Serious fungal infections (SFIs) could be more frequent than are recognised. Estimates of the incidence and prevalence of SFIs are essential in order to identify public health problems. We estimated the rates of SFIs in Mexico, following a methodology similar to that used in prior studies. We obtained information about the general population and populations at risk. A systematic literature search was undertaken to identify epidemiological reports of SFIs in Mexico. When Mexican reports were unavailable, we based our estimates on international literature. The most prevalent SFIs in Mexico are recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (5999 per 100,000) followed by allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (60 per 100,000), chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (15.9 per 100,000), fungal keratitis (10.4 per 100,000), invasive candidiasis (8.6 per 100,000) and SFIs in HIV (8.2 per 100,000); coccidioidomycosis (7.6 per 100,000), IA (4.56 per 100,000). These correspond to 2,749,159 people affected in any year (2.45% of the population), probably >10,000 deaths and 7000 blind eyes. SFIs affect immunocompromised and healthy populations. Most are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Validation of these estimates with epidemiological studies is required. The burdens indicate that an urgent need to improve medical skills, surveillance, diagnosis, and management of SFIs exists.
严重真菌感染（SFI）可能比目前所认识到的更为常见。估计SFI的发病率和患病率对于确定公共卫生问题至关重要。我们采用了与先前研究类似的方法来估计墨西哥的SFI发生率。我们获取了普通人群和高危人群的信息。通过系统的文献检索来确定墨西哥SFI的流行病学报告。当无法获取墨西哥的报告时，我们依据国际文献进行估计。墨西哥最常见的SFI是复发性外阴阴道念珠菌病（每10万人中有5999例），其次是变应性支气管肺曲霉病（每10万人中有60例）、慢性肺曲霉病（每10万人中有15.9例）、真菌性角膜炎（每10万人中有10.4例）、侵袭性念珠菌病（每10万人中有8.6例）以及HIV患者中的SFI（每10万人中有8.2例）；球孢子菌病（每10万人中有7.6例）、侵袭性曲霉病（每10万人中有4.56例）。这相当于每年有2749159人受到影响（占人口的2.45%），可能有超过10000人死亡以及7000人失明。SFI会影响免疫功能低下人群和健康人群。大多数SFI都伴随着较高的发病率和死亡率。需要通过流行病学研究来验证这些估计。这些负担表明迫切需要提高SFI的医疗技术、监测、诊断和管理水平。
