Brunner-Mendoza Carolina, Calderón-Ezquerro María Del Carmen, Guerrero-Guerra César, Sanchez-Flores Alejandro, Salinas-Peralta Ilse, Toriello Conchita
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n, Coyoacán, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, UNAM, Circuito Exterior s/n, Coyoacán, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Microorganisms. 2024 Dec 19;12(12):2632. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12122632.
Airborne fungi are widely distributed in the environment and originate from various sources like soil, plants, decaying organic matter, and even indoor environments. Exposure to airborne fungal spores can cause allergic reactions, asthma, and respiratory infections. Certain fungi can cause serious infections, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems. An aerobiological study was conducted to detect airborne fungi using metagenomics in three areas of Mexico City, each representing different degrees of urbanization, during the dry and rainy seasons of 2017. Seasonality showed a significant role in the composition of airborne fungi. Ascomycota predominated in the three areas sampled during dry and rainy seasons, with the genera and presenting the highest relative abundances across seasons. The Agaromycetes showed an increase during the rainy season. Regarding the areas, the north and center sites showed similar meteorological conditions and fungal community composition patterns. According to the Shannon and Simpson indices, the south area showed a greater species diversity during the dry season. These insights into the interactions between urbanization, seasonality, and airborne microbial communities could contribute to more effective urban management, reduced health risks, and the promotion of sustainable development.
空气传播真菌在环境中广泛分布，其来源多种多样，如土壤、植物、腐烂的有机物，甚至室内环境。接触空气传播的真菌孢子会引发过敏反应、哮喘和呼吸道感染。某些真菌会导致严重感染，尤其是在免疫系统较弱的个体中。2017年旱季和雨季期间，在墨西哥城的三个代表不同城市化程度的区域进行了一项空气生物学研究，利用宏基因组学检测空气传播真菌。季节性在空气传播真菌的组成中发挥了重要作用。子囊菌门在旱季和雨季采样的三个区域中占主导地位， 属和 属在各季节的相对丰度最高。多孔菌纲在雨季有所增加。在区域方面，北部和中部地区的气象条件和真菌群落组成模式相似。根据香农指数和辛普森指数，南部地区在旱季的物种多样性更高。这些关于城市化、季节性和空气传播微生物群落之间相互作用的见解有助于更有效的城市管理、降低健康风险以及促进可持续发展。
