Arafa Waleed M, Shokeir Khalid M, Khateib Abdelrahman M
Beni-Suef University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Parasitology Department, Egypt.
Animal health research institute, Parasitology Department, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Vet Parasitol. 2015 Nov 30;214(1-2):152-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.09.023. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
This study aimed to compare between the efficiency of in vivo fecal egg reduction test (FERT) and in vitro egg hatching assay (EHA) in evaluating of the anti-Fasciola activity of albendazole, triclabendazole, oxyclozanide and praziquantel. A field trial was carried out on fifty naturally Fasciola infected cattle that were divided equally into 5 groups (A-E). On day zero; groups A-D were drenched with albendazole, triclabendazole, oxyclozanide or praziquantel, respectively, while the remaining one, group E, was kept as untreated control. Fecal egg counts of the different groups were conducted weekly over a period of one month post-treatment. In vitro, commercial albendazole and oxyclozanide were diluted to 0.0002, 0.002, 0.02, 0.2 and 2.0 μg/ml, while commercial triclabendazole and praziquantel were diluted to concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 μg/ml with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In vivo, at the 2nd week post-treatment, triclabendazole and oxyclozanide showed 100% fecal egg reduction (FER), and albendazole had a maximum of 73.7% reduction (P < 0.0001), however, praziquantel did not record any reduction of Fasciola egg counts. In vitro, triclabendazole treated Fasciola gigantica eggs showed early embryonic lysis with zero% hatching at the different concentrations (P < 0.01). In albendazole, the hatching varied according to the drug concentration. At the highest two concentrations; 0.2 and 2.0 μg/ml, the hatching percentages were 7.4 ± 1.6 and 5.6 ± 1.5 (P < 0.01) respectively. On the contrary, there were no significant differences in egg development and hatching percentage of oxyclozanide or praziquantel treated groups. In conclusion, the efficacy of triclabendazole and albendazole as fasciolicdes could be predicted by Egg Hatching Assay (EHA). Meanwhile fasciolicide activity of oxyclozanide could not be assessed with EHA. Based on in vivo and in vitro findings, paraziquantel did not show any fasciolicide effect.
本研究旨在比较体内粪便虫卵减少试验（FERT）和体外虫卵孵化试验（EHA）在评估阿苯达唑、三氯苯达唑、奥昔氯唑胺和吡喹酮抗片形吸虫活性方面的效率。对50头自然感染片形吸虫的牛进行了田间试验，将其平均分为5组（A - E）。在第0天，A - D组分别用阿苯达唑、三氯苯达唑、奥昔氯唑胺或吡喹酮进行灌服，而其余一组E组作为未处理的对照。在治疗后的一个月内，每周对不同组进行粪便虫卵计数。在体外，将市售阿苯达唑和奥昔氯唑胺分别稀释至0.0002、0.002、0.02、0.2和2.0μg/ml，而将市售三氯苯达唑和吡喹酮用二甲基亚砜（DMSO）稀释至25、50、75和100μg/ml的浓度。在体内，治疗后第2周，三氯苯达唑和奥昔氯唑胺的粪便虫卵减少率（FER）达100%，阿苯达唑的最大减少率为73.7%（P < 0.0001），然而，吡喹酮未记录到片形吸虫卵计数的任何减少。在体外，三氯苯达唑处理的巨片形吸虫卵在不同浓度下均显示早期胚胎裂解，孵化率为零（P < 0.01）。在阿苯达唑处理组中，孵化率随药物浓度而变化。在最高的两个浓度，即0.2和2.0μg/ml时，孵化率分别为7.4±1.6和5.6±1.5（P < 0.01）。相反，奥昔氯唑胺或吡喹酮处理组的虫卵发育和孵化率没有显著差异。总之，三氯苯达唑和阿苯达唑作为杀片形吸虫剂的疗效可通过虫卵孵化试验（EHA）预测。同时，奥昔氯唑胺的杀片形吸虫活性不能用EHA评估。基于体内和体外研究结果，吡喹酮未显示出任何杀片形吸虫作用。
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