Hou Xinhua, Yang Yalan, Zhu Shiyun, Hua Chaoju, Zhou Rong, Mu Yulian, Tang Zhonglin, Li Kui
Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, People's Republic of China.
Mol Genet Genomics. 2016 Apr;291(2):559-73. doi: 10.1007/s00438-015-1126-3. Epub 2015 Oct 12.
The pig is an important source of animal protein, and is also an ideal model for human disease. There are significant differences in growth rate, muscle mass, and meat quality between different breeds. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying porcine skeletal muscle phenotypes, we performed mRNA and miRNA profiling of muscle from three different breeds of pig, Landrace (lean-type), Tongcheng (obese-type), and Wuzhishan (mini-type) by Solexa sequencing. Forty-three genes and 106 miRNAs were differentially expressed between Landrace and Tongcheng pigs, 92 genes and 151 miRNAs were differentially expressed between Tongcheng and Wuzhishan pigs, and 145 genes and 156 miRNAs were differential expressed between Landrace and Wuzhishan pigs. Gene ontology analysis suggested that genes differentially expressed between Landrace and Tongcheng pigs were mainly involved in the biological processes of oxidative stress and muscle organ development. Meanwhile, for Tongcheng vs Wuzhishan and Landrace vs Wuzhishan pigs, the differentially expressed genes were involved in fatty acid metabolism, oxidative stress, muscle contraction, and muscle organ development, processes that are closely related to meat quality. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying meat quality diversity based on differentially expressed genes and miRNAs, interaction networks were constructed, according to target prediction results and integration analysis of up-regulated genes with down-regulated miRNAs or down-regulated genes with up-regulated miRNAs. Our findings identify candidate genes and miRNAs associated with muscle development and indicate their potential roles in muscle phenotype variance between different pig breeds. These results serve as a foundation for further studies on muscle development and molecular breeding.
猪是动物蛋白的重要来源，也是人类疾病的理想模型。不同品种猪在生长速度、肌肉量和肉质方面存在显著差异。为了解猪骨骼肌表型的分子机制，我们通过Solexa测序对长白猪（瘦肉型）、通城猪（肥胖型）和五指山猪（小型）这三个不同品种猪的肌肉进行了mRNA和miRNA谱分析。长白猪和通城猪之间有43个基因和106个miRNA差异表达，通城猪和五指山猪之间有92个基因和151个miRNA差异表达，长白猪和五指山猪之间有145个基因和156个miRNA差异表达。基因本体分析表明，长白猪和通城猪之间差异表达的基因主要参与氧化应激和肌肉器官发育的生物学过程。同时，对于通城猪与五指山猪以及长白猪与五指山猪，差异表达的基因参与脂肪酸代谢、氧化应激、肌肉收缩和肌肉器官发育，这些过程与肉质密切相关。为了基于差异表达的基因和miRNA研究肉质多样性的分子机制，根据靶标预测结果以及上调基因与下调miRNA或下调基因与上调miRNA的整合分析构建了相互作用网络。我们的研究结果确定了与肌肉发育相关的候选基因和miRNA，并表明了它们在不同猪品种肌肉表型差异中的潜在作用。这些结果为进一步研究肌肉发育和分子育种奠定了基础。
