1 Children's Psychological Medicine, Oxford Children's Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
2 Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training, Isis Education Centre, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Warneford Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2017 Apr;18(2):223-236. doi: 10.1177/1524838015611672. Epub 2016 Jul 8.
This review critically evaluates the literature on posttraumatic growth in survivors of interpersonal violence, integrating the findings from 12 quantitative and 4 qualitative studies. The following databases were searched using predetermined terms: AMED, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, BNI, CINAHL, and Web of Knowledge. The review's findings suggest that the mean prevalence of growth in interpersonal violence survivors is around 71% (range 58-99%). The highest level of growth was consistently experienced in the "appreciation of life" domain. However, survivors reported growth in the four remaining domains: "personal strength," "new possibilities," "experience of relationships with others," and "outlook on life." The nature of the relationship between growth and distress was inconsistent across studies. A combination of pretrauma, peritrauma, and posttrauma variables were found to be related to the degree of growth survivors experienced. Methodological weaknesses of the quantitative studies included the predominant use of retrospective, cross-sectional, correlational designs, discrepancy in the measurement of growth, insufficient sample sizes for power calculations in five studies and limited external validity. Qualitative findings were limited by sampling methods, insufficient information about interview schedules, the lack of credibility checks, and evidence of reflexivity demonstrated by some studies. Implications for practice, policy, and future research are discussed.
这篇综述批判性地评估了人际暴力幸存者创伤后成长的文献，综合了 12 项定量研究和 4 项定性研究的结果。使用预定的术语在以下数据库中进行了搜索：AMED、EMBASE、MEDLINE、PsycINFO、BNI、CINAHL 和 Web of Knowledge。综述结果表明，人际暴力幸存者成长的平均流行率约为 71%（范围为 58%-99%）。在“珍惜生命”领域，始终经历着最高水平的成长。然而，幸存者报告在其他四个领域也有成长：“个人力量”、“新的可能性”、“与他人关系的体验”和“人生观”。成长和困扰之间的关系在不同的研究中并不一致。研究发现，创伤前、创伤时和创伤后变量的结合与幸存者经历的成长程度有关。定量研究的方法学弱点包括主要使用回顾性、横断面、相关性设计，在五项研究中，成长的衡量标准存在差异，用于计算五个研究的功效的样本量不足，以及外部有效性有限。定性研究结果受到抽样方法的限制，访谈计划的信息不足，缺乏可信度检查，以及一些研究显示出的反思性证据。讨论了对实践、政策和未来研究的影响。
