Eze John E, Ifeagwazi Chuka Mike, Chukwuorji JohnBosco Chika
Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu 41000, Nigeria.
Center for Translation and Implementation Research (CTAIR), College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
J Migr Health. 2022 Oct 18;6:100139. doi: 10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100139. eCollection 2022.
Previous research suggests that cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES) strategies of emotion regulation (ER) are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic growth (PTG). How the patterns of these associations may vary in the context of event centrality (EC) however requires investigation to help delineate groups for whom the impact of event centrality may be more salient. We examined whether EC would moderate the associations of CR and ES with PTSD symptoms clusters and PTG domains among 388 emerging adults (18-30 year-olds) of Tiv ethnic group who were survivors of armed attack by Fulani herdsmen and were temporarily sheltered in two internally displaced persons' (IDPs') camps in North-central Nigeria. They completed self-report measures of the variables. Results indicated that EC strengthened the negative associations of CR and the positive associations of ES with avoidance, hyper-arousal and total PTSD symptoms, but not intrusion symptoms. For the PTG domains, EC only strengthened the positive association between CR and personal strength and weakened the association of ES with greater appreciation of life. These findings suggest that primary intervention programs that incorporate training of armed attack survivors in cognitive reappraisal strategy centered on the traumatic event could be effective in controlling PTSD but be less critical in engendering PTG. They also show that the psychological processes that underlie PTSD and PTG are related but involve nuances even within PTSD, and do not seamlessly set into the Janoff-Bulman's "strength through suffering" model of PTG. More research is required to test the model.
先前的研究表明，情绪调节（ER）的认知重评（CR）和表达抑制（ES）策略与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和创伤后成长（PTG）相关。然而，在事件中心性（EC）的背景下，这些关联模式如何变化需要进行调查，以帮助确定事件中心性影响可能更为显著的群体。我们研究了在388名提夫族新兴成年人（18 - 30岁）中，事件中心性是否会调节认知重评和表达抑制与创伤后应激障碍症状群以及创伤后成长领域之间的关联。这些提夫族新兴成年人是富拉尼牧民武装袭击的幸存者，暂时居住在尼日利亚中北部的两个境内流离失所者营地。他们完成了对这些变量的自我报告测量。结果表明，事件中心性加强了认知重评的负性关联以及表达抑制与回避、过度唤醒和创伤后应激障碍总症状之间的正性关联，但与闯入症状无关。对于创伤后成长领域，事件中心性仅加强了认知重评与个人力量之间的正性关联，并削弱了表达抑制与对生活有更多感激之间的关联。这些发现表明，纳入以创伤事件为中心的认知重评策略培训的武装袭击幸存者初级干预项目，在控制创伤后应激障碍方面可能有效，但在促进创伤后成长方面不太关键。它们还表明，创伤后应激障碍和创伤后成长背后的心理过程是相关的，但即使在创伤后应激障碍内部也存在细微差别，并不能无缝地纳入贾诺夫 - 布尔曼的“通过苦难获得力量”创伤后成长模型。需要更多研究来检验该模型。
