Stockman Dagmar, Haney Laura, Uzieblo Kasia, Littleton Heather, Keygnaert Ines, Lemmens Gilbert, Verhofstadt Lesley
Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.
Front Psychol. 2023 May 24;14:1032408. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1032408. eCollection 2023.
A systematic meta-review was conducted to examine (1) the broad range of negative and positive individual and interpersonal changes following adult sexual violence, as well as (2) the risk/protective factors at multiple levels of the social ecology (e.g., individual, assault, and micro/meso/exo/macro/chronosystem factors)-influencing the impact of sexual violence.
Searches of Web of Science, Pubmed, and ProQuest resulted in inclusion of 46 systematic reviews or meta-analyses. Review findings were extracted for summary and a deductive thematic analysis was conducted.
Experiencing sexual violence is associated with many negative individual and sexual difficulties as well as revictimization risk. Only a limited number of reviews reported on interpersonal and positive changes. Factors at multiple levels of the social ecology play a role in the intensity of these changes. Reviews including macrolevel factors were non-existent, however.
Reviews on sexual violence are fragmented in nature. Although the use of an ecological approach is often lacking, adopting such a perspective in research is necessary for a fuller understanding of the multiple influences on survivor outcomes. Future research should evaluate the occurrence of social and positive changes following sexual violence, as well as the role of macrolevel factors in influencing post-assault outcomes.
进行一项系统的元综述，以研究（1）成年人性暴力后广泛的负面和正面个人及人际变化，以及（2）社会生态多个层面（如个人、攻击以及微观/中观/外部/宏观/时间系统因素）影响性暴力影响的风险/保护因素。
检索科学网、PubMed和ProQuest，纳入46项系统综述或元分析。提取综述结果进行总结，并进行演绎主题分析。
经历性暴力与许多负面的个人和性方面的困难以及再次受害风险相关。只有少数综述报告了人际和积极变化。社会生态多个层面的因素在这些变化的强度中起作用。然而，不存在包括宏观层面因素的综述。
关于性暴力的综述本质上是零散的。尽管通常缺乏生态方法的运用，但在研究中采用这种视角对于更全面地理解对幸存者结局的多种影响是必要的。未来的研究应评估性暴力后社会和积极变化的发生情况，以及宏观层面因素在影响攻击后结局中的作用。
