Karabulut Nuran, Bulut Yasemin, Telo Selda
Department of Medical Microbiology, Mental Health Hospital, Elazig, Turkey.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015 Aug 29;8(8):e19698. doi: 10.5812/jjm.19698. eCollection 2015 Aug.
Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV infections constitute serious healthcare problems worldwide.
There are a limited number of studies regarding the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV infections among the drug addicts in Turkey; hence, the current study aimed to determine the frequency of these infections among 235 drug addicts treated in a drug addiction treatment centre/Elazig, Turkey.
HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HCV and anti-HIV tests in 235 drug addicts were studied by ELISA technique. Urine samples obtained from drug addicts were analyzed for cannabis, opiate and cocaine metabolites.
All the 235 drug users were males, and their mean age was 30.69 ± 9.494 years; 112 (47.7%) of them were in the age group ranging 20 - 29 years (P < 0.05). Of 235 drug addicts, 113 (48.1%) and 115 (48.9%) were only cannabis and opiate users, respectively. In urine samples of seven (3%) drug addicts both cannabis and opiate metabolites were detected. Cocaine was detected in none of the urine samples. The frequencies of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HCV among drug addicts were 2.6%, 38.3%, and 9.4%, respectively. None of the drug addicts was positive for HIV. Anti-HCV was more prevalent in opiate users than in cannabis users: 15.7% vs. 1.8% (P < 0.001).
The obtained results showed that HCV infection was an alarming problem among opiate users in the eastern part of Turkey. It is suggested to rapidly diagnose the infected persons; thus preventive measures and appropriate control may limit further transmission of these infections.
乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和艾滋病毒感染是全球严重的医疗保健问题。
关于土耳其吸毒者中乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和艾滋病毒感染率的研究数量有限；因此，本研究旨在确定在土耳其埃拉泽的一家戒毒治疗中心接受治疗的235名吸毒者中这些感染的发生率。
采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术对235名吸毒者进行乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）、丙肝抗体（抗-HCV）和艾滋病毒抗体（抗-HIV）检测。对吸毒者的尿液样本进行大麻、阿片类药物和可卡因代谢物分析。
235名吸毒者均为男性，平均年龄为30.69±9.494岁；其中112名（47.7%）年龄在20-29岁之间（P<0.05）。在235名吸毒者中，仅吸食大麻者113名（48.1%），仅吸食阿片类药物者115名（48.9%）。在7名（3%）吸毒者的尿液样本中检测到大麻和阿片类药物代谢物。尿液样本中均未检测到可卡因。吸毒者中HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HCV的发生率分别为2.6%、38.3%和9.4%。没有吸毒者的HIV检测呈阳性。抗-HCV在阿片类药物使用者中比在大麻使用者中更普遍：15.7%对1.8%（P<0.001）。
所得结果表明，丙型肝炎病毒感染在土耳其东部的阿片类药物使用者中是一个令人担忧的问题。建议对感染者进行快速诊断；因此，预防措施和适当的控制可能会限制这些感染的进一步传播。
