Alves Ronaldo Fernandes Santos, Faerstein Eduardo
Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR.
Departamento de Epidemiologia, Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR.
Rev Saude Publica. 2015;49:65. doi: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005786. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
OBJECTIVE To estimate the degree of educational inequality in the occurrence of abdominal obesity in a population of non-faculty civil servants at university campi.METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we used data from 3,117 subjects of both genders aged 24 to 65-years old, regarding the baseline of Pró-Saúde Study, 1999-2001. Abdominal obesity was defined according to abdominal circumference thresholds of 88 cm for women and 102 cm for men. A multi-dimensional, self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate education levels and demographic variables. Slope and relative indices of inequality, and Chi-squared test for linear trend were used in the data analysis. All analyses were stratified by genders, and the indices of inequality were standardized by age.RESULTS Abdominal obesity was the most prevalent among women (43.5%; 95%CI 41.2;45.9), as compared to men (24.3%; 95%CI 22.1;26.7), in all educational strata and age ranges. The association between education levels and abdominal obesity was an inverse one among women (p < 0.001); it was not statistically significant among men (p = 0.436). The educational inequality regarding abdominal obesity in the female population, in absolute terms (slope index of inequality), was 24.0% (95%CI 15.5;32.6). In relative terms (relative index of inequality), it was 2.8 (95%CI 1.9;4.1), after the age adjustment.CONCLUSIONS Gender inequality in the prevalence of abdominal obesity increases with older age and lower education. The slope and relative indices of inequality summarize the strictly monotonous trend between education levels and abdominal obesity, and it described educational inequality regarding abdominal obesity among women. Such indices provide relevant quantitative estimates for monitoring abdominal obesity and dealing with health inequalities.
目的 评估大学校园非教职公务员人群中腹型肥胖发生情况的教育不平等程度。方法 在这项横断面研究中，我们使用了1999 - 2001年“健康促进研究”基线时3117名年龄在24至65岁的男女受试者的数据。腹型肥胖根据女性腰围阈值88厘米和男性腰围阈值102厘米来定义。使用一份多维自填问卷来评估教育水平和人口统计学变量。数据分析采用不平等斜率和相对指数以及线性趋势的卡方检验。所有分析按性别分层，不平等指数按年龄标准化。结果 在所有教育阶层和年龄范围内，女性腹型肥胖最为普遍（43.5%；95%可信区间41.2；45.9），相比男性（24.3%；95%可信区间22.1；26.7）。女性中教育水平与腹型肥胖之间呈负相关（p < 0.001）；男性中无统计学意义（p = 0.436）。女性人群中腹型肥胖的教育不平等，按绝对值（不平等斜率指数）为24.0%（95%可信区间15.5；32.6）。年龄调整后，按相对值（不平等相对指数）为2.8（95%可信区间1.9；4.1）。结论 腹型肥胖患病率的性别不平等随年龄增长和教育程度降低而增加。不平等斜率和相对指数总结了教育水平与腹型肥胖之间严格单调的趋势，并描述了女性腹型肥胖的教育不平等情况。这些指数为监测腹型肥胖和应对健康不平等提供了相关的定量估计。
