利用天然赤铁矿作为反应屏障固定放射性液体废物中的放射性核素。
Utilization of natural hematite as reactive barrier for immobilization of radionuclides from radioactive liquid waste.
作者信息
El Afifi E M, Attallah M F, Borai E H
机构信息
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Control, Hot Laboratories and Waste Management Center (HLWMC), Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt, Post Office Code 13759, Abu Zaabal Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Control, Hot Laboratories and Waste Management Center (HLWMC), Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt, Post Office Code 13759, Abu Zaabal Cairo, Egypt.
出版信息
J Environ Radioact. 2016 Jan;151 Pt 1:156-165. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.10.001. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
Potential utilization of hematite as a natural material for immobilization of long-lived radionuclides from radioactive liquid waste was investigated. Hematite ore has been characterized by different analytical tools such as Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal (DT) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and BET-surface area. In this study, europium was used as REEs(III) and as a homolog of Am(III)-isotopes (such as (241)Am of 432.6 y, (242m)Am of 141 y and (243)Am of 7370 y). Micro particles of the hematite ore were used for treatment of radioactive waste containing (152+154)Eu(III). The results indicated that 96% (4.1 × 10(4) Bq) of (152+154)Eu(III) was efficiently retained onto hematite ore. Kinetic experiments indicated that the processes could be simulated by a pseudo-second-order model and suggested that the process may be chemisorption in nature. The applicability of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models was investigated. It was found that Langmuir isotherm exhibited the best fit with the experimental results. It can be concluded that hematite is an economic and efficient reactive barrier for immobilization of long-lived radio isotopes of actinides and REEs(III).
研究了赤铁矿作为一种天然材料用于固定放射性液体废物中长寿命放射性核素的潜在用途。赤铁矿矿石已通过不同的分析工具进行了表征，如傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、粉末X射线衍射（XRD）、热重分析（TG）和差示热分析（DT）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以及BET比表面积分析。在本研究中，铕被用作稀土元素（III）以及镅（III）同位素的同系物（如半衰期为432.6年的（241）Am、141年的（242m）Am和7370年的（243）Am）。赤铁矿矿石的微粒被用于处理含有（152 + 154）Eu（III）的放射性废物。结果表明，96%（4.1×10⁴ Bq）的（152 + 154）Eu（III）能有效地保留在赤铁矿矿石上。动力学实验表明，该过程可用准二级模型进行模拟，这表明该过程本质上可能是化学吸附。研究了朗缪尔、弗伦德里希和坦金模型的适用性。发现朗缪尔等温线与实验结果拟合得最好。可以得出结论，赤铁矿是一种经济高效的反应屏障，可用于固定锕系元素和稀土元素（III）的长寿命放射性同位素。
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