Daniel Claudia, Baker Brian
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 21, Postfach 219, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland.
Insects. 2013 Mar 12;4(1):168-76. doi: 10.3390/insects4010168.
Demand for organic cherries offers producers a premium price to improve their commercial viability. Organic standards require that producers find alternatives to pesticides. Soil treatments to control the European cherry fruit fly Rhagoletis cerasi (L.) (Diptera: Tephrididae) appear to be an attractive option. However, soil treatments can only be effective if the migration of flies is low, because mature flies may migrate from near-by trees for oviposition. To examine the general potential of soil treatments and to understand the dispersal and flight behaviour of R. cerasi within orchards, experiments using netting to cover the soil were conducted in two orchards with different pest pressure during two years. The netting reduced flight activity by 77% and fruit infestation by 91%. The data showed that the flies have a dispersal of less than 5 m within orchards, which is very low. The low thresholds for tolerance for infested fruit in the fresh market creates a strong economic incentive for control, therefore, soil covering is a promising strategy for controlling R. cerasi in commercial orchards.
对有机樱桃的需求为生产者提供了更高的价格，以提高其商业可行性。有机标准要求生产者寻找农药替代品。土壤处理以控制欧洲樱桃果蝇Rhagoletis cerasi (L.)（双翅目：实蝇科）似乎是一个有吸引力的选择。然而，只有在果蝇迁移率较低时，土壤处理才会有效，因为成熟果蝇可能会从附近的树木迁移过来产卵。为了研究土壤处理的总体潜力，并了解樱桃果蝇在果园内的扩散和飞行行为，在两年内，在两个虫害压力不同的果园中进行了使用网覆盖土壤的实验。网使飞行活动减少了77%，果实侵染减少了91%。数据表明，果蝇在果园内的扩散距离小于5米，这一距离非常短。新鲜市场对受侵染果实的低容忍阈值为防治创造了强大的经济激励，因此，土壤覆盖是商业果园控制樱桃果蝇的一种有前景的策略。
