Balaratnasingam Sivasankaran, Roy Meera
Regional Psychiatrist, Kimberley Mental Health and Drug Service, Australia; Associate Professor, School of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist in Intellectual Disability, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Australas Psychiatry. 2015 Dec;23(6):641-3. doi: 10.1177/1039856215609761. Epub 2015 Oct 14.
Literature on Indigenous Australians (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people) and intellectual disability (ID) is summarized in order to identify current state of knowledge, gaps, and areas for further research.
A selective review of psychiatric literature using relevant medical databases was undertaken. Key articles were identified and their findings described.
ID is reported to be more prevalent in Indigenous Australians. Sociocultural constructs and a lack of validated psychometric measures affect what is considered to be ID in Indigenous communities. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors impair brain development and contribute to ID in Indigenous communities. Comorbid physical and psychiatric disorders need to be assessed and managed.
ID is an emerging area of health concern for general and mental health professionals working with Indigenous Australians. This important area requires further research, appropriate training, and resourcing.
总结关于澳大利亚原住民（澳大利亚原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民）与智力残疾（ID）的文献，以确定当前的知识状况、差距以及进一步研究的领域。
使用相关医学数据库对精神病学文献进行了选择性综述。确定了关键文章并描述了其研究结果。
据报道，智力残疾在澳大利亚原住民中更为普遍。社会文化结构以及缺乏经过验证的心理测量方法影响了原住民社区中被视为智力残疾的情况。产前、围产期和产后因素会损害大脑发育，并导致原住民社区出现智力残疾。需要对合并的身体和精神疾病进行评估和管理。
对于与澳大利亚原住民合作的普通和心理健康专业人员而言，智力残疾是一个新出现的健康问题领域。这一重要领域需要进一步研究、适当的培训和资源。
