Kuksis A, Myher J J
University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Adv Chromatogr. 1989;28:267-332.
The brief review points out the improved resolution and quantitation of plasma lipids that is possible on nonpolar capillary columns of short length. The main advantage over packed columns used previously is the higher recovery of the longer chain triacylglycerols, the lower temperature and time requirements for completion of the analysis, and the greater ease of column conditioning and certainty of obtaining a satisfactory column. The greater resolution of all components has resulted in a better definition of lipid classes along with a complete resolution of specific molecular species, which was not possible on the packed columns. The successful demonstration of the suitability of polar capillary columns for high-temperature GLC of plasma lipids promises further improvements in the plasma lipid profiling by GLC in the future. The polar capillary column resolves the glycerolipids and ceramides according to both carbon and double-bond number and results in an essentially complete separation of molecular species, except where peak overlaps occur. In combination with preliminary TLC resolution of the lipid classes, polar capillary GLC provides the most extensive resolution of plasma lipids yet achieved. A total of 200 peaks representing over 200 molecular species can be readily recognized and quantitatively measured. Neither the nonpolar nor the polar capillary columns are capable of resolving the reverse isomers or enantiomers, which overlap completely on both columns. Both column types are suitable for GC/MS work, although a mass spectrometric examination of the peaks is required only for confirmation of their identity. Direct analyses of plasma lipids on the polar capillary columns provide extensive information about the composition of the lipid classes and molecular species. Furthermore, the polar capillary column profiles of plasma lipids can be obtained with conventional equipment over a period of 30 min. At the moment these profiles would appear to be best suited for the assessment of dietary and potential physicochemical effects on plasma lipoproteins. With more complete understanding of plasma lipid biochemistry, these profiles might provide useful metabolic information.
简短的综述指出，使用短长度的非极性毛细管柱可以提高血浆脂质的分辨率和定量分析能力。与先前使用的填充柱相比，主要优点在于长链三酰甘油的回收率更高、分析完成所需的温度和时间更低，以及柱调节更容易且获得满意柱的确定性更高。所有组分的分辨率提高使得脂质类别得到了更好的定义，同时特定分子种类也得到了完全分离，这在填充柱上是不可能实现的。极性毛细管柱适用于血浆脂质高温气相色谱分析的成功证明预示着未来气相色谱法在血浆脂质谱分析方面将有进一步的改进。极性毛细管柱根据碳数和双键数分离甘油脂质和神经酰胺，除了峰重叠的情况外，基本上实现了分子种类的完全分离。结合脂质类别的初步薄层色谱分离，极性毛细管气相色谱提供了迄今为止最广泛的血浆脂质分辨率。总共可以轻松识别和定量测量代表200多种分子种类的200个峰。非极性和极性毛细管柱都无法分离反向异构体或对映体，它们在两根柱上都完全重叠。两种柱型都适用于气相色谱/质谱分析，不过仅需对峰进行质谱检查以确认其身份。在极性毛细管柱上直接分析血浆脂质可提供有关脂质类别和分子种类组成的广泛信息。此外，使用常规设备在30分钟内即可获得血浆脂质的极性毛细管柱谱。目前，这些谱似乎最适合评估饮食和潜在物理化学因素对血浆脂蛋白的影响。随着对血浆脂质生物化学的更全面了解，这些谱可能会提供有用的代谢信息。
