Muuronen A, Bergman H, Hindmarsh T, Telakivi T
Department of Clinical Alcohol and Drug Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1989 Feb;13(1):137-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1989.tb00298.x.
In the period 1977-1979, a sample of consecutively admitted alcoholic in-patients was studied with CT scan of the brain and neuropsychological tests. A subsample of 52 patients met the following criteria: age less than 46 years, no history of severe head injury or focal signs of traumatic brain damage, and no history of liver disease, drug abuse, or long-lasting anticonvulsant therapy. However, 72% of the patients showed brain atrophy and 49% intellectual impairment as compared to 16% and 13%, respectively, in an age-matched sample of men from the general population. Five years later, after excluding patients with head trauma, serious alcoholic liver disease and drug abuse, 37 patients were reinvestigated. Sixteen patients were abstinent or had greatly improved drinking habits during the 5-year follow-up period and 21 were still drinking. Alcohol abstinence was found to be associated with a regress of cortical atrophy and central atrophy as assessed by the width of the 3rd ventricle. However, the recovery was not complete as compared with the prevalence of atrophy in the sample from the general population. Among the patients a significant improvement in one cognitive test and a trend to improvement in some other tests associated with improved drinking habits was observed. Regression of central atrophy as assessed by a decreased diameter of the 3rd ventricle was associated with improvement in the very same cognitive tests. The results suggest that both atrophy of the brain and cognitive ability can improve in alcoholics who give up drinking.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在1977年至1979年期间，对连续收治的酒精性住院患者样本进行了脑部CT扫描和神经心理学测试。52名患者的子样本符合以下标准：年龄小于46岁，无严重头部受伤史或创伤性脑损伤的局灶性体征，无肝病、药物滥用或长期抗惊厥治疗史。然而，与一般人群中年龄匹配的男性样本相比，分别有72%的患者出现脑萎缩和49%的患者出现智力障碍，而后者的相应比例分别为16%和13%。五年后，排除头部创伤、严重酒精性肝病和药物滥用患者后，对37名患者进行了重新研究。在5年随访期内，16名患者戒酒或饮酒习惯有很大改善，21名患者仍在饮酒。通过第三脑室宽度评估发现，戒酒与皮质萎缩和中央萎缩的消退有关。然而，与一般人群样本中的萎缩患病率相比，恢复并不完全。在患者中，一项认知测试有显著改善，其他一些与饮酒习惯改善相关的测试有改善趋势。通过第三脑室直径减小评估的中央萎缩消退与同一认知测试的改善有关。结果表明，戒酒的酗酒者脑萎缩和认知能力均可改善。（摘要截选于250词）
