Di Sclafani V, Ezekiel F, Meyerhoff D J, MacKay S, Dillon W P, Weiner M W, Fein G
Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Oct;19(5):1121-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01589.x.
We used computer-aided magnetic resonance image analysis and an age-normed battery of neuropsychological tests to measure brain atrophy and cognitive function in 14 older abstinent alcoholic men and 11 older controls in the expectation that these subject groups would show the greatest and most persistent cerebral effects consequent to chronic alcoholism. The abstinent alcoholics exhibited cognitive impairments (primarily in memory and visual-spatial-motor skills) compared with the controls. In contrast, we found no difference in global cerebral atrophy between the groups, although two alcoholics had extensive atrophy compared with all other subjects. However, there was a stronger association between age and ventricular dilation in the alcoholic sample compared with controls. We conclude that a substrate other than magnetic resonance imaging-detectable global atrophy must underlie the persistent cognitive impairments evident in the sampled alcoholics. Furthermore, if there are global atrophic changes in the brain associated with chronic alcoholism, these effects are not ubiquitous and/or may be reversible in most patients with sufficient abstinence.
我们使用计算机辅助磁共振图像分析和一套经过年龄标准化的神经心理学测试，来测量14名戒酒的老年男性酗酒者和11名老年对照组的脑萎缩和认知功能，期望这些受试者组会显示出因慢性酒精中毒而产生的最严重和最持久的脑部影响。与对照组相比，戒酒的酗酒者表现出认知障碍（主要是在记忆和视觉空间运动技能方面）。相比之下，我们发现两组之间的全脑萎缩没有差异，尽管有两名酗酒者与所有其他受试者相比有广泛的萎缩。然而，与对照组相比，酗酒样本中年龄与脑室扩张之间的关联更强。我们得出结论，在抽样的酗酒者中明显存在的持续性认知障碍，其背后一定有磁共振成像可检测到的全脑萎缩以外的其他基质。此外，如果存在与慢性酒精中毒相关的大脑整体萎缩变化，这些影响并非普遍存在，并且/或者在大多数有足够戒酒时间的患者中可能是可逆的。
