Kim Kyong Ho, Cao Jiafu, Yoo Jin-Wook, Yoon In-Soo, Jung Jae Woo, Lee Ji Eun, Byon Ik Soo
Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea 2Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Oct;56(11):6694-700. doi: 10.1167/iovs.15-17739.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of intravitreal povidone-iodine (PVI) and its efficacy against experimental Staphylococcus epidermidis endophthalmitis.
In phase I, forty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into groups I and II and received intravitreal 0.1% and 0.3% PVI, respectively. Electroretinography (ERG) and histologic examinations were conducted at baseline, 6, and 12 hours. Half-life was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. In phase II, after the induction of S. epidermidis endophthalmitis, 0.1% and 0.3% PVI were injected intravitreally once in groups A and B and three times every second day in groups C and D (n = 10 in each group). Electroretinographs, histologic examinations, and vitreous cultures were conducted on day 14.
Electroretinography and histologic examinations did not reveal any notable retinal damage in phase I in either group. Half-lives were 3.27 and 3.58 hours in groups I and II, respectively. In phase II, all groups demonstrated marked improvement, compared to controls. Bacterial growth was found in four eyes in group A (20, 60, 60, and 70 colony forming units [CFU]) and in three eyes in group B (20, 40, and 60 CFU) but not in those belonging to groups C and D at day 14. Retinal damage with lymphocyte infiltration in the inner retinal layers was more common in groups A and B than in groups C and D.
Half-life of PVI was approximately 3 hours in the vitreous. Repeated injection of intraocular PVI, even at low concentrations, is most likely to be effective for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis.
本研究旨在探讨玻璃体内注射聚维酮碘（PVI）的药代动力学和安全性，以及其对实验性表皮葡萄球菌性眼内炎的疗效。
在第一阶段，将40只新西兰白兔分为I组和II组，分别接受玻璃体内注射0.1%和0.3%的PVI。在基线、6小时和12小时进行视网膜电图（ERG）和组织学检查。使用高效液相色谱法测定半衰期。在第二阶段，诱导表皮葡萄球菌性眼内炎后，A组和B组玻璃体内一次性注射0.1%和0.3%的PVI，C组和D组每隔一天注射三次（每组n = 10）。在第14天进行视网膜电图检查、组织学检查和玻璃体培养。
在第一阶段，两组的视网膜电图和组织学检查均未发现明显的视网膜损伤。I组和II组的半衰期分别为3.27小时和3.58小时。在第二阶段，与对照组相比，所有组均有明显改善。在第14天，A组有4只眼发现细菌生长（20、60、60和70个菌落形成单位[CFU]），B组有3只眼发现细菌生长（20、40和60 CFU），而C组和D组的眼中未发现细菌生长。A组和B组比C组和D组更常见内视网膜层有淋巴细胞浸润的视网膜损伤。
PVI在玻璃体内的半衰期约为3小时。即使是低浓度的眼内PVI重复注射，最有可能对细菌性眼内炎的治疗有效。
