Renkema Justin M, Buitenhuis Rosemarije, Hallett Rebecca H
School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
Vineland Research and Innovation Centre, 4890 Victoria Ave. N., Box 4000, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada L0R 2E0.
J Econ Entomol. 2014 Dec;107(6):2107-18. doi: 10.1603/EC14254.
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a recent invasive pest of fruit crops in North America and Europe. Carpophagous larvae render fruit unmarketable and may promote secondary rot-causing organisms. To monitor spread and develop programs to time application of controls, further work is needed to optimize trap design and trapping protocols for adult D. suzukii. We compared commercial traps and developed a new, easy-to-use plastic jar trap that performed well compared with other designs. For some trap types, increasing the entry area led to increased D. suzukii captures and improved selectivity for D. suzukii when populations were low. However, progressive entry area enlargement had diminishing returns, particularly for commercial traps. Unlike previous studies, we found putting holes in trap lids under a close-fitting cover improved captures compared with holes on sides of traps. Also, red and black traps outperformed yellow and clear traps when traps of all colors were positioned 10-15 cm apart above crop foliage. In smaller traps, attractant surface area and entry area, but not other trap features (e.g., headspace volume), appeared to affect D. suzukii captures. In the new, plastic jar trap, tripling attractant volume (360 vs 120 ml) and weekly attractant replacement resulted in the highest D. suzukii captures, but in the larger commercial trap these measures only increased by-catch of large-bodied Diptera. Overall, the plastic jar trap with large entry area is affordable, durable, and can hold high attractant volumes to maximize D. suzukii capture and selectivity.
铃木果蝇（Drosophila suzukii Matsumura，双翅目：果蝇科）是北美和欧洲水果作物近期出现的一种入侵性害虫。其食果性幼虫会使果实无法进入市场销售，并可能促使引发二次腐烂的生物滋生。为监测其扩散情况并制定适时施用防治措施的方案，需要进一步开展工作以优化针对铃木果蝇成虫的诱捕器设计和诱捕方案。我们对商业诱捕器进行了比较，并开发出一种新型、易于使用的塑料罐诱捕器，与其他设计相比表现良好。对于某些诱捕器类型，增大入口面积会增加铃木果蝇的捕获量，并在种群数量较低时提高对铃木果蝇的选择性。然而，入口面积的逐步扩大收益递减，尤其是对于商业诱捕器而言。与之前的研究不同，我们发现，在紧密贴合的盖子下在诱捕器盖子上打孔比在诱捕器侧面打孔能提高捕获量。此外，当所有颜色的诱捕器在作物叶片上方相距10 - 15厘米放置时，红色和黑色诱捕器的表现优于黄色和透明诱捕器。在较小的诱捕器中，引诱剂表面积和入口面积，而非其他诱捕器特征（如顶部空间体积），似乎会影响铃木果蝇的捕获量。在新型塑料罐诱捕器中，将引诱剂体积增至三倍（360毫升对120毫升）并每周更换引诱剂可实现最高的铃木果蝇捕获量，但在较大的商业诱捕器中，这些措施只会增加大型双翅目的误捕量。总体而言，具有大入口面积的塑料罐诱捕器价格实惠、耐用，且能容纳大量引诱剂，以最大限度地捕获铃木果蝇并提高选择性。
