Myrand V, Buffet J P, Guertin C
INRS-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada H7V1B7.
INRS-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada H7V1B7
J Econ Entomol. 2015 Feb;108(1):34-44. doi: 10.1093/jee/tou019. Epub 2015 Jan 21.
The pathogenicity of six Metarhizium spp., four Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, and four Tolypocladium cylindrosporum Gams (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) fungal pathogens exposed to third-instar Delia radicum L. was evaluated in laboratory bioassays. The presence of intra- and intergeneric variations concerning the pathogenicity of the isolates was investigated. Results show that all Metarhizium spp. and T. cylindrosporum isolates caused a noteworthy mortality to the third instar and consequently reduced adult eclosion. The well-known standard, F52 strain (identified as Metarhizium brunneum), resulted in up to 79% reduction in D. radicum eclosion. The other Metarhizium isolates including UAMH 9197 (Metarhizium anisopliae) and UAMH 2801 (M. brunneum), as well as T. cylindrosporum DAOM 167325 and DAOM 183952, produced a mean eclosion reduction of >50%. While the pathogenicity of Metarhizium spp. and T. cylindrosporum is similar, the B. bassiana isolates are undoubtedly less pathogenic. Based on the results obtained with the selected isolates, no intrageneric differences relative to the pathogenicity of the isolates appeared to be present. Globally, this study deepened the knowledge about D. radicum susceptibility toward Hypocreales entomopathogenic fungi, chiefly T. cylindrosporum. The implications of this study regarding the development of a biological control agent are discussed.
在实验室生物测定中，评估了六种绿僵菌属、四种球孢白僵菌（Balsamo）Vuillemin和四种柱状顶孢霉Gams（子囊菌门：肉座菌目）真菌病原体对甘蓝种蝇三龄幼虫的致病性。研究了这些分离株致病性方面的属内和属间差异。结果表明，所有绿僵菌属和柱状顶孢霉分离株都对三龄幼虫造成了显著死亡率，从而降低了成虫羽化率。著名的标准菌株F52（鉴定为布氏绿僵菌）使甘蓝种蝇羽化率降低了79%。其他绿僵菌分离株，包括UAMH 9197（金龟子绿僵菌）和UAMH 2801（布氏绿僵菌），以及柱状顶孢霉DAOM 167325和DAOM 183952，平均羽化率降低>50%。虽然绿僵菌属和柱状顶孢霉的致病性相似，但球孢白僵菌分离株的致病性无疑较低。基于所选分离株获得的结果，未发现分离株在致病性方面存在属内差异。总体而言，本研究加深了对甘蓝种蝇对肉座菌目昆虫病原真菌，主要是柱状顶孢霉易感性的认识。讨论了本研究对生物防治剂开发的意义。
