Liu Tao, Li Li, Zhang Fanhua, Gong Shaorun, Li Tianxiu, Zhan Guoping, Wang Yuejin
Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No. 241, Huixinxijie, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
J Econ Entomol. 2015 Aug;108(4):1624-9. doi: 10.1093/jee/tov150. Epub 2015 Jun 6.
This laboratory-based study examined the effects of low-temperature phosphine fumigation on the survival of the eggs and larvae of the guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Individual flies at different developmental stages, from 6-h-old eggs to third instars, were exposed to 0.92 mg/liter phosphine for 1-7 d at 5°C. We found that 12-h-old eggs and third instars were the most tolerant to phosphine. Increasing phosphine concentrations from 0.46 to 4.56 mg/liter increased mortality in these two stages. However, increased exposure times were required to achieve equal mortality rates in 12-h-old eggs and third instars when phosphine concentrations were ≥4.56 and ≥3.65 mg/liter, respectively. C(n)t = k expression was obtained at 50, 90, and 99% mortality levels, and the toxicity index (n) ranged from 0.43 to 0.77 for the two stages. The synergistic effects of a controlled atmosphere (CA) with elevated CO(2) levels were also investigated, and we found that a CO(2) concentration between 10% and 15% under CA conditions was optimal for low-temperature phosphine fumigation.
这项基于实验室的研究考察了低温磷化氢熏蒸对番石榴实蝇（Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi)）卵和幼虫存活的影响。将处于从6小时龄的卵到三龄幼虫等不同发育阶段的单个实蝇，在5°C条件下暴露于0.92毫克/升的磷化氢中1至7天。我们发现12小时龄的卵和三龄幼虫对磷化氢的耐受性最强。将磷化氢浓度从0.46毫克/升提高到4.56毫克/升，这两个阶段的死亡率增加。然而，当磷化氢浓度分别≥4.56毫克/升和≥3.65毫克/升时，12小时龄的卵和三龄幼虫需要延长暴露时间才能达到相同的死亡率。在50%、90%和99%的死亡率水平下得到了C(n)t = k表达式，这两个阶段的毒性指数（n）范围为0.43至0.77。还研究了高二氧化碳水平的气调（CA）的协同效应，我们发现气调条件下10%至15%的二氧化碳浓度最适合低温磷化氢熏蒸。
