Rizvi S Z M, Raman A
Charles Sturt University & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, P O Box 883, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia.
J Econ Entomol. 2015 Aug;108(4):1646-54. doi: 10.1093/jee/tov131. Epub 2015 May 28.
Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (light-brown apple moth) is a polyphagous herbivore of economic significance, which also feeds on Vitis vinifera L. The E. postvittana-V. vinifera interacting system also involves the participation of the fungus Botrytis cinerea Persoon ex Fries. We have been exploring the relationship among E. postvittana-V. vinifera-B. cinerea over the past two years. In this article, we report the preference and performance of the larvae of E. postvittana raised solely on a synthetic diet incorporated with the mycelial material of B. cinerea (Diet B). To characterize the effect of fungus on the development of E. postvittana, another synthetic diet was prepared that included the lyophilized leaf material of V. vinifera (Diet C). When raised on Diets B and C, a decrease in the duration of larval development and an increase in the survival and fecundity rate of E. postvittana occurred. Diet B influenced the pupal mass, but a significant increase occurred when the larvae were fed on Diet C. The larval emergence rate was the greatest in E. postvittana raised on Diet B, followed by those on Diet C. The F(2) generation of the larvae reared on Diet B showed similar effects as F(1) on the life-history performance of the larvae. Diet B enhanced the life-history performance of E. postvittana, although the larvae of E. postvittana showed little preference to Diet B. The greater fertility rate of E. postvittana reared on Diet B suggests the importance of sterols as shown in Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and in a few Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), which serve as precursors to different ecdysteroids that regulate many critical processes through embryonic development.
苹果浅褐卷蛾（Walker）（浅褐苹果蛾）是一种具有经济重要性的多食性食草动物，它也以葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）为食。苹果浅褐卷蛾 - 葡萄相互作用系统还涉及灰葡萄孢菌（Botrytis cinerea Persoon ex Fries）的参与。在过去两年中，我们一直在探索苹果浅褐卷蛾 - 葡萄 - 灰葡萄孢菌之间的关系。在本文中，我们报告了仅以添加了灰葡萄孢菌菌丝体材料的合成饲料（饲料B）饲养的苹果浅褐卷蛾幼虫的偏好和生长表现。为了表征真菌对苹果浅褐卷蛾发育的影响，制备了另一种包含冻干葡萄叶材料的合成饲料（饲料C）。当在饲料B和饲料C上饲养时，苹果浅褐卷蛾幼虫的发育持续时间缩短，存活率和繁殖率增加。饲料B影响蛹重，但当幼虫以饲料C为食时蛹重显著增加。在饲料B上饲养的苹果浅褐卷蛾幼虫羽化率最高，其次是饲料C上的幼虫。在饲料B上饲养的幼虫的F(2)代对幼虫的生活史表现显示出与F(1)代相似的影响。饲料B提高了苹果浅褐卷蛾的生活史表现，尽管苹果浅褐卷蛾幼虫对饲料B的偏好不大。在饲料B上饲养的苹果浅褐卷蛾较高的繁殖率表明甾醇的重要性，如葡萄小卷蛾（Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller)）（鳞翅目：卷蛾科）和一些蚁亚科（膜翅目：蚁科）所示，甾醇作为不同蜕皮甾体的前体，通过胚胎发育调节许多关键过程。
