Ferguson Jessica J A, Veysey Martin, Lucock Mark, Niblett Suzanne, King Katrina, MacDonald-Wicks Lesley, Garg Manohar L
Nutraceuticals Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, 305C Medical Science Building, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
School of Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Research Teaching Unit, Gosford Hospital, Cnr Henry Parry Drive and Margin Street, Gosford, NSW, 2250, Australia.
J Nutr Biochem. 2016 Jan;27:233-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.010. Epub 2015 Sep 25.
Management of hyperlipidaemia remains a cornerstone therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) has been shown to modulate blood lipid profiles and reduce the risk of developing CVD. However, studies relating objective measures of long-term dietary n-3 PUFA intake and circulating lipid levels in older adults are limited. Thus, we aimed to determine whether there is an association between erythrocyte n-3 PUFA status (omega-3 index, O3I) and blood lipid profiles in older adults. A sample of adults aged 65-95 years who participated in the Retirement Health and Lifestyle Study was evaluated. Outcome measures included O3I (% eicosapentaenoic acid+% docosahexaenoic acid) and fasting blood lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and triglyceride (TG)]. Two hundred and seventy-six subjects were included in the analyses. The mean±SD age was 77.6±7.4 years, and 40.9% were males. O3I was significantly higher in females compared to males. O3I was inversely associated with plasma TG (P<.001) and TC/HDL-cholesterol ratio (P<.05), and positively associated with HDL-cholesterol (P<.05), in all subjects. Associations between O3I and TG were evident in both females (r=-0.250, P<.01) and males (r=-0.225, P<.05). In females only, the odds of being hypertriglyceridaemic were highest in those with lowest O3I (P=.006). Trends for hypercholesterolaemia and elevated LDL risk were converse between males and females. Long-term n-3 PUFA status is associated with blood lipid profiles in older Australians. Our findings support the development and implementation of age-specific dietary strategies to reduce the risk of CVD via improving the O3I.
高脂血症的管理仍然是预防心血管疾病（CVD）的基石疗法。已表明膳食补充n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）可调节血脂水平并降低发生CVD的风险。然而，关于老年人长期膳食n-3 PUFA摄入量的客观测量与循环血脂水平之间关系的研究有限。因此，我们旨在确定老年人红细胞n-3 PUFA状态（ω-3指数，O3I）与血脂水平之间是否存在关联。对参与退休健康与生活方式研究的65至95岁成年人样本进行了评估。结果指标包括O3I（二十碳五烯酸百分比+二十二碳六烯酸百分比）和空腹血脂水平[总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇和甘油三酯（TG）]。分析纳入了276名受试者。平均±标准差年龄为77.6±7.4岁，男性占40.9%。女性的O3I显著高于男性。在所有受试者中，O3I与血浆TG（P<0.001）和TC/HDL胆固醇比值（P<0.05）呈负相关，与HDL胆固醇（P<0.05）呈正相关。O3I与TG之间的关联在女性（r=-0.250，P<0.01）和男性（r=-0.225，P<0.05）中均明显。仅在女性中，O3I最低者发生高甘油三酯血症的几率最高（P=0.006）。男性和女性在高胆固醇血症和LDL风险升高方面的趋势相反。长期n-3 PUFA状态与澳大利亚老年人的血脂水平相关。我们的研究结果支持制定和实施针对特定年龄段的饮食策略，以通过改善O3I降低CVD风险。
