Barrios Clara, Spector Tim D, Menni Cristina
Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar. Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2016 Jan 1;589:81-92. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.10.006. Epub 2015 Oct 21.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health burden and to date traditional biomarkers of renal function (such as serum creatinine and cystatin C) are unable to identify at-risk individuals before the disease process is well under way. To help preventive strategies and maximize the potential for effective interventions, it is important to characterise the molecular changes that take place in the development of renal damage. Metabolomics is a promising tool to identify markers of renal disease since the kidneys are involved in the handling of major biochemical classes of metabolites. These metabolite levels capture a snap-shot of the metabolic profile of the individual, allowing for the potential identification of early biomarkers, and the monitoring of real-time kidney function. In this review, we describe the current status of the identification of blood/urine/faecal metabolic biomarkers in different entities of kidney diseases including: acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, renal transplant, diabetic nephropathy and other disorders.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一项重大的公共卫生负担，迄今为止，传统的肾功能生物标志物（如血清肌酐和胱抑素C）无法在疾病进程充分发展之前识别出高危个体。为了辅助预防策略并最大限度地发挥有效干预的潜力，明确肾脏损伤发生过程中的分子变化非常重要。代谢组学是一种很有前景的工具，可用于识别肾脏疾病的标志物，因为肾脏参与了主要生化类别的代谢物处理。这些代谢物水平捕捉了个体代谢谱的快照，有助于潜在地识别早期生物标志物，并实时监测肾功能。在本综述中，我们描述了在不同肾脏疾病实体中，包括急性肾损伤、慢性肾脏病、肾移植、糖尿病肾病和其他疾病，血液/尿液/粪便代谢生物标志物识别的现状。
