Derman Serap, Mustafaeva Zeynep Akdeste, Abamor Emrah Sefik, Bagirova Melahat, Allahverdiyev Adil
Chemical and Metallurgy Faculty, Bioengineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Biomed Sci. 2015 Oct 20;22:89. doi: 10.1186/s12929-015-0195-2.
Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) remains a significant worldwide canine pathogen and the most common cause of viral enteritis in dogs. The 1 L15 and 7 L15 peptides overlap each other with QPDGGQPAV residues (7-15 of VP2 capsid protein of CPV) is shown to produce high immune response. PLGA nanoparticles were demonstrated to have special properties such as; controlled antigen release, protection from degradation, elimination of booster-dose and enhancing the cellular uptake by antigen presenting cells. Nevertheless, there is no study available in literature, about developing vaccine based on PLGA nanoparticles with adjuvant properties against CPV. Thus, the aim of the present study was to synthesize and characterize high immunogenic W-1 L19 peptide (from the VP2 capsid protein of CPV) loaded PLGA nanoparticle and to evaluate their in vitro immunogenic activity.
PLGA nanoparticles were produced with 5.26 ± 0.05 % loading capacity and high encapsulation efficiency with 81.2 ± 3.1 %. Additionally, it was evaluated that free NPs and W-1 L19 peptide encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles have Z-ave of 183.9 ± 12.1 nm, 221.7 ± 15.8 nm and polydispersity index of 0.107 ± 0.08, 0.135 ± 0.12 respectively. It was determined that peptide loaded PLGA nanoparticles were successfully phagocytized by macrophage cells and increased NO production at 2-folds (*P < 0.05) in contrast to free peptide, and 3-folds (*P < 0.01) in contrast to control.
In conclusion, for the first time, W-1 L19 peptide loaded PLGA nanoparticles were successfully synthesized and immunogenic properties evaluated. Obtained results showed that PLGA nanoparticles enhanced the capacity of W-1 L19 peptide to induce nitric oxide production in vitro due to its adjuvant properties. Depend on the obtained results, these nanoparticles can be accepted as potential vaccine candidate against Canine Parvovirus. Studies targeting PLGA nanoparticles based delivery system must be maintained in near future in order to develop new and more effective nano-vaccine formulations.
犬细小病毒2型（CPV - 2）仍是全球范围内重要的犬类病原体，也是犬病毒性肠炎最常见的病因。1L15和7L15肽相互重叠，其QPDGGQPAV残基（CPV衣壳蛋白VP2的7 - 15位）显示能产生高免疫反应。聚乳酸 - 羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）纳米颗粒具有特殊性质，如：可控的抗原释放、抗降解保护、无需加强剂量以及增强抗原呈递细胞对细胞的摄取。然而，文献中尚无关于基于具有佐剂特性的PLGA纳米颗粒开发抗CPV疫苗的研究。因此，本研究的目的是合成并表征负载高免疫原性W - 1L19肽（来自CPV的VP2衣壳蛋白）的PLGA纳米颗粒，并评估其体外免疫原活性。
制备的PLGA纳米颗粒载药量为5.26±0.05%，包封率高，为81.2±3.1%。此外，评估发现游离纳米颗粒和负载W - 1L19肽的PLGA纳米颗粒的Z平均直径分别为183.9±12.1nm、221.7±15.8nm，多分散指数分别为0.107±0.08、0.135±0.12。结果表明，与游离肽相比，负载肽的PLGA纳米颗粒被巨噬细胞成功吞噬，且一氧化氮产生量增加了2倍（*P < 0.05），与对照组相比增加了3倍（*P < 0.01）。
总之，首次成功合成了负载W - 1L19肽的PLGA纳米颗粒并评估了其免疫原性。所得结果表明，PLGA纳米颗粒因其佐剂特性增强了W - 1L19肽体外诱导一氧化氮产生的能力。基于所得结果，这些纳米颗粒可被视为抗犬细小病毒的潜在疫苗候选物。为开发新的、更有效的纳米疫苗制剂，未来必须持续开展针对基于PLGA纳米颗粒递送系统的研究。
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