Epstein J B
Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Postgrad Med. 1989 Apr;85(5):257-8, 263-5, 268-9. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1989.11700671.
About half of the general population harbors Candida species in oral flora, and oral candidal infections are common. However, in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients, candidiasis may progress to life-threatening systemic disease. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, HIV disease, diabetes, or leukemia are particularly prone to serious systemic infection. Chemotherapy for cancer and bone marrow and organ transplantation also provide physiologic opportunities for candidal colonization. Topical therapy has the potential to prevent and treat candidiasis with less risk of side effects and drug interactions than systemic therapy. Among the effective topical agents are polyene antifungal antibiotics and imidazole compounds. Some of these agents have been found useful in prevention of serious candidal infection in high-risk patients; however, more study is needed in this area.
大约一半的普通人群口腔菌群中携带念珠菌属，口腔念珠菌感染很常见。然而，在免疫功能低下或免疫抑制的患者中，念珠菌病可能会发展为危及生命的全身性疾病。感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、获得性免疫缺陷综合征、HIV病、糖尿病或白血病的患者尤其容易发生严重的全身感染。癌症化疗以及骨髓和器官移植也为念珠菌定植提供了生理条件。局部治疗有可能预防和治疗念珠菌病，与全身治疗相比，副作用和药物相互作用的风险更小。有效的局部用药包括多烯类抗真菌抗生素和咪唑类化合物。已发现其中一些药物在预防高危患者的严重念珠菌感染方面有用；然而，该领域还需要更多研究。
