Azam Mehtabul, Bhatt Vipul
Department of Economics, Oklahoma State University, 326 Business Building, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
Department of Economics, James Madison University, MSC 204 ZSH, Room 442, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA.
Demography. 2015 Dec;52(6):1929-59. doi: 10.1007/s13524-015-0428-8.
Using the nationally representative India Human Development Survey (IHDS), we create a unique son-father matched data set that is representative of the entire adult male population (aged 20-65) in India. We use these data to document the evolution of intergenerational transmission of educational attainment in India over time, among different castes and states for the birth cohorts of 1940-1985. We find that educational persistence, as measured by the regression coefficient of father's education as a predictor of son's education, has declined over time. This implies that increases in average educational attainment are driven primarily by increases among children of less-educated fathers. However, we do not find such a declining trend in the correlation between educational attainment of sons and fathers, which is another commonly used measure of persistence. To understand the source of such a discrepancy between the two measures of educational persistence, we decompose the intergenerational correlation and find that although persistence has declined at the lower end of the fathers' educational distribution, it has increased at the top end of that distribution.
利用具有全国代表性的印度人类发展调查（IHDS），我们创建了一个独特的父子匹配数据集，该数据集代表了印度全体成年男性人口（年龄在20至65岁之间）。我们使用这些数据来记录1940 - 1985年出生队列在印度不同种姓和邦中，教育程度代际传递随时间的演变情况。我们发现，以父亲的教育程度作为儿子教育程度的预测指标的回归系数来衡量，教育持续性随时间有所下降。这意味着平均教育程度的提高主要是由受教育程度较低的父亲的子女的增加所推动的。然而，我们在儿子和父亲的教育程度之间的相关性中并未发现这种下降趋势，而这种相关性是另一种常用的持续性衡量指标。为了理解这两种教育持续性衡量指标之间存在差异的根源，我们对代际相关性进行了分解，发现虽然在父亲教育分布的低端持续性有所下降，但在该分布的高端却有所增加。
