Huan Xiujia, Lu Houyuan, Wang Can, Tang Xiangan, Zuo Xinxin, Ge Yong, He Keyang
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2015 Oct 21;10(10):e0141255. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141255. eCollection 2015.
Bulliform phytoliths play an important role in researching rice origins as they can be used to distinguish between wild and domesticated rice. Rice bulliform phytoliths are characterized by numerous small shallow fish-scale decorations on the lateral side. Previous studies have shown that domesticated rice has a larger number of these decorations than wild rice and that the number of decorations ≥9 is a useful feature for identifying domesticated rice. However, this standard was established based on limited samples of modern rice plants. In this study, we analyzed soil samples from both wild and domesticated rice paddies. Results showed that, in wild rice soil samples, the proportion of bulliform phytoliths with ≥9 decorations was 17.46% ± 8.29%, while in domesticated rice soil samples, the corresponding proportion was 63.70% ± 9.22%. This suggests that the proportion of phytoliths with ≥9 decorations can be adopted as a criterion for discriminating between wild and domesticated rice in prehistoric soil. This indicator will be of significance in improving the application of fish-scale decorations to research into rice origins and the rice domestication process.
泡状植硅体在水稻起源研究中发挥着重要作用，因为它们可用于区分野生稻和驯化稻。水稻泡状植硅体的特征是侧面有许多小而浅的鱼鳞状纹饰。先前的研究表明，驯化稻的这些纹饰数量比野生稻多，且纹饰数量≥9是鉴定驯化稻的一个有用特征。然而，这个标准是基于有限的现代水稻植株样本建立的。在本研究中，我们分析了野生和驯化稻田的土壤样本。结果显示，在野生稻土壤样本中，纹饰数量≥9的泡状植硅体比例为17.46%±8.29%，而在驯化稻土壤样本中，相应比例为63.70%±9.22%。这表明，纹饰数量≥9的植硅体比例可作为史前土壤中区分野生稻和驯化稻的一个标准。该指标对于改进鱼鳞状纹饰在水稻起源和水稻驯化过程研究中的应用具有重要意义。
