Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Med Educ. 2015 Nov;49(11):1117-23. doi: 10.1111/medu.12808.
This study was designed to investigate the roles, characteristics and contributions to the educational process of highly influential teachers described retrospectively by faculty members who were former medical students and trainees.
The authors collected 20 appreciative inquiry narratives from a convenience sample of 22 faculty members (91% collection rate) at three medical schools that had volunteered to participate in a year-long programme of faculty development in humanism in medicine. The faculty members wrote narratives in response to the prompt: 'Write about your most influential teacher.' The four authors performed qualitative analysis of the 20 narratives using the constant comparison method to identify the characteristics of influential teachers.
Particular relational features with their learners explain the profound influences of these teachers on the professional development of their learners. All influential teachers shared qualities of excellence in teaching and nearly all were described as caring, generous and selfless in their relationships with learners.
Highly influential teachers have no official roles, yet appear to profoundly influence the professional development of many learners at various stages of the educational process.
本研究旨在探讨教师的作用、特点和贡献，这些教师是由曾为医学生和受训者的教师成员回顾性描述的极具影响力的教师。
作者从三所自愿参加为期一年医学人文专业发展计划的医学院的 22 名教师中（91%的收集率）收集了 20 份赞赏性探究叙述。教师们根据提示撰写叙述：“写一写对你影响最大的老师。”四位作者使用恒定性比较方法对 20 篇叙述进行了定性分析，以确定有影响力的教师的特点。
与学习者的特殊关系特征解释了这些教师对学习者专业发展的深远影响。所有有影响力的教师都具有出色的教学素质，几乎所有教师在与学习者的关系中都被描述为关心、慷慨和无私。
尽管极具影响力的教师没有正式的角色，但他们似乎在教育过程的各个阶段深刻地影响着许多学习者的专业发展。
