从青少年到青年期，问题饮酒与犯罪行为之间的关系。
Relationships between problematic alcohol consumption and delinquent behaviour from adolescence to young adulthood.
作者信息
Miller Peter G, Butler Erin, Richardson Ben, Staiger Petra K, Youssef George J, Macdonald Jacqui A, Sanson Ann, Edwards Ben, Olsson Craig A
机构信息
Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University Australia, Geelong, Australia.
Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
出版信息
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2016 May;35(3):317-25. doi: 10.1111/dar.12345. Epub 2015 Oct 23.
BACKGROUND
Heavy episodic drinking (HED) has been associated with increased risk for short- and long-term injury and harms, such as violence and delinquent behaviour; however, the temporal relationship between the two remains unclear, particularly on transition to young adulthood. This study investigates transactional pathways between HED and delinquent behaviour from adolescence to emerging adulthood.
METHODS
Data were drawn from the Australian Temperament Project; a population-based longitudinal study that has followed the health and development of participants (and parents) across 30 years from birth in 1982. The analytic sample was 1650 participants and included five measurement waves spanning adolescence (3 waves: 13-18 years) and young adulthood (2 waves; 19-24 years).
RESULTS
There was strong continuity across waves of both HED and delinquency, as well as across-time associations between them. Delinquent behaviour in adolescence was associated with up to twofold increases in the odds of HED at each subsequent adolescent wave. HED in the late teens was associated with over fourfold increases in the odds of persistent (two waves) HED in young adulthood. HED in the late teens was associated with increases in the odds of delinquent behaviour in young adulthood (over twofold for male and one and a half-fold for female participants).
CONCLUSIONS
While delinquent behaviour predicts both future HED and future delinquent behaviour in adolescence, once young people reach the legal drinking age of 18 years, HED becomes a predictor of current and future delinquent behaviour and future HED, suggesting that increased access to alcohol increases the likelihood of young people engaging in delinquent behaviour. [Miller PG, Butler E, Richardson B, Staiger PK, Youssef GJ, Macdonald JA, Sanson A, Edwards B, Olsson CA. Relationships between problematic alcohol consumption and delinquent behaviour from adolescence to young adulthood. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:317-325].
背景
大量偶发性饮酒（HED）与短期和长期受伤及伤害风险增加相关，比如暴力和犯罪行为；然而，二者之间的时间关系仍不明确，尤其是在向青年期过渡阶段。本研究调查了从青春期到青年期HED与犯罪行为之间的相互作用路径。
方法
数据取自澳大利亚气质项目；这是一项基于人群的纵向研究，自1982年参与者（及父母）出生起，对其健康和发展情况进行了30年的跟踪。分析样本为1650名参与者，包括跨越青春期（3次测量：13 - 18岁）和青年期（2次测量；19 - 24岁）的五次测量波次。
结果
HED和犯罪行为在各波次间都有很强的连续性，以及它们之间的跨时间关联。青春期的犯罪行为与随后每一波次青春期HED几率增加高达两倍相关。青少年后期的HED与青年期持续性（两波次）HED几率增加四倍多相关。青少年后期的HED与青年期犯罪行为几率增加相关（男性参与者增加两倍多，女性参与者增加一倍半）。
结论
虽然犯罪行为在青春期能预测未来的HED和未来的犯罪行为，但一旦年轻人达到法定饮酒年龄18岁，HED就成为当前和未来犯罪行为以及未来HED的预测因素，这表明饮酒机会增加会使年轻人从事犯罪行为的可能性增加。[米勒PG，巴特勒E，理查森B，施泰格PK，优素福GJ，麦克唐纳JA，桑松A，爱德华兹B，奥尔松CA。从青春期到青年期问题饮酒与犯罪行为之间的关系。《药物与酒精评论》2016；35：317 - 325]
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