Anello Paola, Cestari Laura, Canova Cristina, Vianello Luisa, Pistollato Silvia, Lorenzet Ketty, Sciarrone Rocco, Selle Vittorio, Simonato Lorenzo
Scuola di specializzazione in igiene e medicina preventiva, Università degli Studi di Padova.
Dipartimento di medicina molecolare, Laboratorio sanità pubblica e studi di popolazione, Università degli Studi di Padova.
Epidemiol Prev. 2015 Jul-Aug;39(4):251-60.
to evaluate whether living near motorway A57 (Mestre motorway, Veneto Region, Northern Italy) might have affected the residents' health status.
longitudinal cohort study.
148,673 residents on the mainland in the Municipality of Venice (Mestre) who never changed their residence during the follow- up period (2002-2009).
the 2001 Italian census data were linked with the data sources of the epidemiological integrated system which includes: population registry, death certificates, hospital discharges, drug prescriptions, and tax exemption. Mortality and incidence for several subgroups of causes, incidence of acute myocardial infarction and stroke, and prevalence of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischemic cardiopathy and diabetes were estimated. The ADMS-Urban model was adopted to define three different exposure areas based on PM10 emissions from the motorway: A (highly exposed), B (moderately exposed) used as a comparison for the analysis, C (unexposed). Hazard ratios (HR) for incidence and mortality were estimated from Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for calendar period, age, gender, and instruction level. The relationship between the exposure area and prevalence was investigated by multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for the same covariates.
compared with B area (23.25%of the population under study), people living in A area (3.16% of the population under study) had an increased incidence of acute myocardial infarction (HR: 1.43; 95%CI 1.03-1.97) in females, and prevalence of ischemic cardiopathy (odds ratio - OR: 1.12; 95%CI 1.01-1.26) in both genders. Results were borderline for COPD in males (OR: 1.17; 95%CI 0.97-1.41). Positive but nonsignificant associations were found with pneumonia and respiratory recoveries.
this study showed that residents who live near Mestre motorway had an increased prevalence of some cardiorespiratory diseases, particularly ischemic cardiopathy.
评估居住在A57高速公路（意大利北部威尼托地区梅斯特雷高速公路）附近是否会影响居民的健康状况。
纵向队列研究。
威尼斯市（梅斯特雷）大陆地区148,673名居民，他们在随访期间（2002 - 2009年）从未更换过住所。
2001年意大利人口普查数据与流行病学综合系统的数据源相关联，该系统包括：人口登记、死亡证明、医院出院记录、药物处方和免税记录。估计了几个病因亚组的死亡率和发病率、急性心肌梗死和中风的发病率，以及哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、缺血性心脏病和糖尿病的患病率。采用ADMS - Urban模型根据高速公路的PM10排放定义了三个不同的暴露区域：A（高暴露）、B（中度暴露，用作分析的对照）、C（未暴露）。根据校正了日历时间、年龄、性别和教育水平的Cox比例风险模型估计发病率和死亡率的风险比（HR）。通过校正相同协变量的多重逻辑回归分析研究暴露区域与患病率之间的关系。
与B区域（占研究人群的23.25%）相比，居住在A区域（占研究人群的3.16%）的女性急性心肌梗死发病率增加（HR：1.43；95%CI 1.03 - 1.97），且两性缺血性心脏病患病率增加（比值比 - OR：1.12；95%CI 1.01 - 1.26）。男性慢性阻塞性肺疾病的结果接近临界值（OR：1.17；95%CI 0.97 - 1.41）。发现与肺炎和呼吸道康复存在正向但不显著的关联。
本研究表明，居住在梅斯特雷高速公路附近的居民某些心肺疾病的患病率增加，尤其是缺血性心脏病。
