Min Kyung-Won, Lee Seong-Ho, Baek Seung Joon
Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):108-16. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.09.022. Epub 2015 Oct 20.
Since the 1980s, growing evidence suggested that the cellular localization of proteins determined their activity and biological functions. In a classical view, a protein is characterized by the single cellular compartment where it primarily resides and functions. It is now believed that when proteins appear in different subcellular locations, the cells surpass the expected activity of proteins given the same genomic information to fulfill complex biological behavior. Many proteins are recognized for having the potential to exist in multiple locations in cells. Dysregulation of translocation may cause cancer or contribute to poorer cancer prognosis. Thus, quantitative and comprehensive assessment of dynamic proteins and associated protein movements could be a promising indicator in determining cancer prognosis and efficiency of cancer treatment and therapy. This review will summarize these so-called moonlighting proteins, in terms of a coupled intracellular cancer signaling pathway. Determination of the detailed biological intracellular and extracellular transit and regulatory activity of moonlighting proteins permits a better understanding of cancer and identification of potential means of molecular intervention.
自20世纪80年代以来，越来越多的证据表明蛋白质的细胞定位决定了它们的活性和生物学功能。传统观点认为，一种蛋白质的特征在于其主要存在和发挥功能的单个细胞区室。现在人们认为，当蛋白质出现在不同的亚细胞位置时，细胞在相同基因组信息的情况下超越了蛋白质的预期活性，以实现复杂的生物学行为。许多蛋白质被认为有可能存在于细胞的多个位置。转运失调可能导致癌症或导致癌症预后较差。因此，对动态蛋白质和相关蛋白质运动进行定量和全面评估可能是确定癌症预后以及癌症治疗和疗法效果的一个有前景的指标。本综述将根据细胞内癌症信号通路的耦合情况总结这些所谓的兼职蛋白。确定兼职蛋白详细的生物细胞内和细胞外转运及调节活性有助于更好地理解癌症并确定潜在的分子干预手段。
