Borrelli Maria, Geerling Gerd
Department of Ophthalmology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
GMS Interdiscip Plast Reconstr Surg DGPW. 2013 Feb 27;2:Doc06. doi: 10.3205/iprs000026. eCollection 2013.
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery is a specialized area of ophthalmology that deals with the management of deformities and abnormalities of the eyelids, lacrimal system and the orbit. An ophthalmoplastic surgeon is able to identify and correct abnormalities of the ocular adnexae such as ectropion, lid retraction, conjunctival scarring with severe entropion, that can cause secondary ocular surface disorders; manage patients with watering eye, and when needed intervene with a dacryocystorhinostomy by external or endonasal approach and moreover minimize disfigurement following enucleation or evisceration and prevent further corneal damage, alleviate complains of tearing and grittiness, but also cosmetic complaints in patients with Graves' orbitopathy. Aim of this manuscript was to review current established and recently evolving surgical procedures.
眼科整形与重建外科是眼科的一个专业领域，主要处理眼睑、泪器系统和眼眶的畸形与异常。眼科整形医生能够识别并纠正眼附属器的异常，如睑外翻、眼睑退缩、伴有严重睑内翻的结膜瘢痕，这些异常可导致继发性眼表疾病；治疗流泪患者，必要时通过外部或鼻内入路进行泪囊鼻腔吻合术，此外，还可将眼球摘除或眼内容剜除后的毁容程度降至最低，并防止进一步的角膜损伤，缓解流泪和异物感等症状，同时改善格雷夫斯眼眶病患者的外观问题。本文的目的是回顾当前已确立的和最近不断发展的外科手术方法。
