Ochedowski O, Lehtinen O, Kaiser U, Turchanin A, Ban-d'Etat B, Lebius H, Karlušić M, Jakšić M
Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
Nanotechnology. 2015 Nov 20;26(46):465302. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/46/465302. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
The ability to manufacture tailored graphene nanostructures is a key factor to fully exploit its enormous technological potential. We have investigated nanostructures created in graphene by swift heavy ion induced folding. For our experiments, single layers of graphene exfoliated on various substrates and freestanding graphene have been irradiated and analyzed by atomic force and high resolution transmission electron microscopy as well as Raman spectroscopy. We show that the dense electronic excitation in the wake of the traversing ion yields characteristic nanostructures each of which may be fabricated by choosing the proper irradiation conditions. These nanostructures include unique morphologies such as closed bilayer edges with a given chirality or nanopores within supported as well as freestanding graphene. The length and orientation of the nanopore, and thus of the associated closed bilayer edge, may be simply controlled by the direction of the incoming ion beam. In freestanding graphene, swift heavy ion irradiation induces extremely small openings, offering the possibility to perforate graphene membranes in a controlled way.
制造定制化石墨烯纳米结构的能力是充分挖掘其巨大技术潜力的关键因素。我们研究了通过快速重离子诱导折叠在石墨烯中产生的纳米结构。在我们的实验中，对在各种衬底上剥离的单层石墨烯以及独立的石墨烯进行了辐照，并通过原子力显微镜、高分辨率透射电子显微镜以及拉曼光谱进行了分析。我们表明，穿越离子尾迹中的密集电子激发产生了特征性的纳米结构，通过选择适当的辐照条件，每种纳米结构都可以被制造出来。这些纳米结构包括独特的形态，如具有特定手性的封闭双层边缘或支撑的以及独立的石墨烯中的纳米孔。纳米孔的长度和取向，以及相关封闭双层边缘的长度和取向，可以通过入射离子束的方向简单地控制。在独立的石墨烯中，快速重离子辐照会诱导出极小的开口，从而提供了以可控方式在石墨烯膜上打孔的可能性。
