Filippidis Filippos T, Agaku Israel T, Girvalaki Charis, Jiménez-Ruiz Carlos, Ward Brian, Gratziou Christina, Vardavas Constantine I
1 Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
2 Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Eur J Public Health. 2016 Apr;26(2):344-9. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv204. Epub 2015 Oct 27.
To explore whether exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among non-smokers in the European Union (EU) showed any association with sociodemographic factors and/or the extent of national tobacco control policies.
A secondary analysis was performed on data from 26 751 individuals ≥15 years old from 27 EU member states (EU MS), collected during the 2012 Special Eurobarometer survey (wave 77.1). Respondents were asked whether they had been exposed to SHS in eating or drinking establishments during the past 6 months, and/or in their workplace. Data on smoke-free policies were extracted from the European Tobacco Control Status Report and the European Tobacco Control Scale (TCS) in 2013.
In total, 29.0% of non-smoking participants reported being exposed to SHS in indoor areas. Males (vs. females) as well as individuals with difficulties to pay bills (vs. those with no difficulties), had significantly greater odds of being exposed to SHS in bars, restaurants and workplaces. For every unit increase of a country's score on the Smoke-free Component of the TCS (indicating greater adherence to smoke-free legislations) the odds ratio of reporting exposure to SHS was 0.82 in bars, 0.85 in restaurants and 0.94 in workplaces.
Differences in exposure to SHS clearly exist between and within EU MS, despite the fact that they all have signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, with the burden found to disproportionally affect younger people and individuals with financial difficulties. Moreover, enforcement of smoke-free legislation was inversely associated with SHS exposure, highlighting the importance of enforcing comprehensive smoking bans.
探讨欧盟（EU）非吸烟者接触二手烟（SHS）是否与社会人口学因素和/或国家烟草控制政策的程度存在任何关联。
对来自27个欧盟成员国（EU MS）的26751名15岁及以上个体的数据进行二次分析，这些数据收集于2012年特别欧洲晴雨表调查（第77.1波）期间。受访者被问及在过去6个月内是否在饮食场所和/或工作场所接触过二手烟。无烟政策数据取自2013年的《欧洲烟草控制状况报告》和《欧洲烟草控制量表》（TCS）。
总体而言，29.0%的非吸烟参与者报告在室内区域接触过二手烟。男性（与女性相比）以及支付账单有困难的个体（与没有困难的个体相比）在酒吧、餐馆和工作场所接触二手烟的几率显著更高。一个国家在TCS无烟部分的得分每增加一个单位（表明对无烟立法的更大遵守），在酒吧报告接触二手烟的比值比为0.82，在餐馆为0.85，在工作场所为0.94。
尽管欧盟成员国都签署了《烟草控制框架公约》，但在欧盟成员国之间和内部，二手烟暴露的差异明显存在，发现这种负担对年轻人和有经济困难的个体影响尤为严重。此外，无烟立法的执行与二手烟暴露呈负相关，突出了实施全面禁烟令的重要性。
