Ono Shigeshi, Lam Stella, Nagahara Makoto, Hoon Dave S B
Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John's Health Center, 2200 Santa Monica Blvd., Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA.
J Clin Med. 2015 Oct 23;4(10):1890-907. doi: 10.3390/jcm4101890.
An increasing number of studies have focused on circulating microRNAs (cmiRNA) in cancer patients' blood for their potential as minimally-invasive biomarkers. Studies have reported the utility of assessing specific miRNAs in blood as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers; however, the methodologies are not validated or standardized across laboratories. Unfortunately, there is often minimum limited overlap in techniques between results reported even in similar type studies on the same cancer. This hampers interpretation and reliability of cmiRNA as potential cancer biomarkers. Blood collection and processing, cmiRNA extractions, quality and quantity control of assays, defined patient population assessment, reproducibility, and reference standards all affect the cmiRNA assay results. To date, there is no reported definitive method to assess cmiRNAs. Therefore, appropriate and reliable methodologies are highly necessary in order for cmiRNAs to be used in regulated clinical diagnostic laboratories. In this review, we summarize the developments made over the past decade towards cmiRNA detection and discuss the pros and cons of the assays.
越来越多的研究聚焦于癌症患者血液中的循环微RNA（cmiRNA），因其有潜力成为微创生物标志物。研究报告了评估血液中特定miRNA作为诊断/预后生物标志物的效用；然而，各实验室的方法并未得到验证或标准化。不幸的是，即使在关于同一癌症的类似类型研究中，所报告结果之间的技术重叠往往也非常有限。这妨碍了将cmiRNA作为潜在癌症生物标志物的解读和可靠性。血液采集与处理、cmiRNA提取、检测的质量和数量控制、明确的患者群体评估、可重复性以及参考标准都会影响cmiRNA检测结果。迄今为止，尚无报道的评估cmiRNA的确定方法。因此，为了使cmiRNA能够用于规范的临床诊断实验室，合适且可靠的方法非常必要。在本综述中，我们总结了过去十年在cmiRNA检测方面取得的进展，并讨论了这些检测方法的优缺点。
