Farraj A K, Haykal-Coates N, Winsett D W, Gilmour M I, King C, Krantz Q T, Richards J, Hazari M S
a Environmental Public Health Division, NHEERL, US Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA.
Inhal Toxicol. 2015;27(11):564-75. doi: 10.3109/08958378.2015.1057884.
Biodiesel fuel represents an alternative to high particulate matter (PM)-emitting petroleum-based diesel fuels, yet uncertainty remains regarding potential biodiesel combustion emission health impacts.
The purpose of this study was to compare cardiovascular responses to pure and blended biodiesel fuel emissions relative to petroleum diesel exhaust (DE).
Spontaneously hypertensive rats were exposed for 4 h per day for four days via whole body inhalation to combustion emissions (based on PM concentrations 50, 150 or 500 μg/m(3) or filtered air) from pure (B100) or blended (B20) soy biodiesel, or to pure petroleum DE (B0). Electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rate variability (HRV, an index of autonomic balance) were monitored before, during and after exposure while pulmonary and systemic inflammation were assessed one day after the final exposure. ECG and HRV data and inflammatory data were statistically analyzed using a linear mixed model for repeated measures and an analysis of variance, respectively.
B100 and B0, but not B20, increased HRV during all exposure days at the highest concentration indicating increased parasympathetic tone. Electrocardiographic data were mixed. B100 and B0, but not B20, caused significant changes in one or more of the following: serum C-reactive protein, total protein, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and plasma angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and fibrinogen.
Although responses to emissions from all fuels were mixed and relatively mild, some findings point to a reduced cardiovascular impact of blended biodiesel fuel emissions.
生物柴油燃料是一种可替代高颗粒物（PM）排放的石油基柴油燃料的选择，但生物柴油燃烧排放对健康的潜在影响仍存在不确定性。
本研究旨在比较相对于石油柴油尾气（DE），纯生物柴油燃料和混合生物柴油燃料排放对心血管系统的影响。
将自发性高血压大鼠通过全身吸入，每天暴露4小时，持续4天，使其暴露于纯（B100）或混合（B20）大豆生物柴油的燃烧排放物（基于PM浓度50、150或500μg/m³或过滤空气）中，或纯石油DE（B0）中。在暴露前、暴露期间和暴露后监测心电图（ECG）和心率变异性（HRV，自主平衡指标），并在最后一次暴露后一天评估肺部和全身炎症。分别使用重复测量的线性混合模型和方差分析对ECG和HRV数据以及炎症数据进行统计分析。
在最高浓度下，B一百和B0（而非B20）在所有暴露日都会增加HRV，表明副交感神经张力增加。心电图数据参差不齐。B一百和B0（而非B20）导致以下一项或多项发生显著变化：血清C反应蛋白、总蛋白、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇、血尿素氮（BUN）以及血浆血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）和纤维蛋白原。
尽管对所有燃料排放的反应参差不齐且相对较轻，但一些研究结果表明混合生物柴油燃料排放对心血管的影响较小。
