Zink Steven D, Van Slyke Greta A, Palumbo Michael J, Kramer Laura D, Ciota Alexander T
Griffin Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, NY 12159, USA.
Wadsworth Center Bioinformatics Core, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Viruses. 2015 Oct 27;7(10):5619-31. doi: 10.3390/v7102886.
Complex interactions between microbial residents of mosquitoes and arboviruses are likely to influence many aspects of vectorial capacity and could potentially have profound effects on patterns of arbovirus transmission. Such interactions have not been well studied for West Nile virus (WNV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) and Culex spp. mosquitoes. We utilized next-generation sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA bacterial genes derived from Culex pipiens Linnaeus following WNV exposure and/or infection and compared bacterial populations and broad immune responses to unexposed mosquitoes. Our results demonstrate that WNV infection increases the diversity of bacterial populations and is associated with up-regulation of classical invertebrate immune pathways including RNA interference (RNAi), Toll, and Jak-STAT (Janus kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription). In addition, WNV exposure alone, without the establishment of infection, results in similar alterations to microbial and immune signatures, although to a lesser extent. Multiple bacterial genera were found in greater abundance inWNV-exposed and/or infected mosquitoes, yet the most consistent and notable was the genus Serratia.
蚊子体内微生物群落与虫媒病毒之间的复杂相互作用可能会影响媒介能力的多个方面，并可能对虫媒病毒的传播模式产生深远影响。对于西尼罗河病毒（WNV；黄病毒科，黄病毒属）和库蚊属蚊子而言，此类相互作用尚未得到充分研究。我们利用下一代测序技术，对经WNV暴露和/或感染的致倦库蚊（Culex pipiens Linnaeus）的16S核糖体RNA细菌基因进行测序，并将细菌种群和广泛的免疫反应与未暴露的蚊子进行比较。我们的结果表明，WNV感染会增加细菌种群的多样性，并与包括RNA干扰（RNAi）、Toll和Jak-STAT（Janus激酶-信号转导子和转录激活子）在内的经典无脊椎动物免疫途径的上调相关。此外，仅WNV暴露而未形成感染，也会导致微生物和免疫特征发生类似变化，尽管程度较轻。在WNV暴露和/或感染的蚊子中发现多个细菌属的丰度更高，但最一致且显著的是沙雷氏菌属。
