Rosén K, Vinichuk M
Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Box 7014, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Ecology, Zhytomyr State Technological University, 103 Chernyakhovsky Str., 10005, Zhytomyr, Ukraine.
J Environ Radioact. 2016 Jan;151 Pt 1:224-232. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.10.015. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
Contamination levels on potato foliage and tubers were investigated by repeated sampling after multiple foliar contaminations of wet-deposited (134)Cs at five different growth stages in a micro-plot field experiment in three successive years. Application of the radionuclide early in the growing season (deposition date 19-27 June, growth stage II = plant establishment) resulted in low (134)Cs activity concentration in potato tubers across sampling occasions (mean 60, 25 and 115 Bq kg(-1) dry weight (D.W.) for years 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Following radionuclide deposition in the middle of the growing season (15-24 July, growth stage III = tuber initiation), (134)Cs activity concentration in tubers across sampling occasions was found to be highest (mean 150, 850 and 660 Bq kg(-1) D.W. for years 1, 2 and 3, respectively). When the radionuclide was sprayed on at later stages (5-7 August, growth stage IV = tuber bulking), (134)Cs activity concentrations in tubers across sampling dates decreased (mean 75, 310 and 395 Bq kg(-1) D.W. for years 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Deposition in the second half of August (15-28 August, late growth stage IV and beginning of growth stage V = tuber maturation) resulted in yet lower (134)Cs activity concentration in tubers. Potato tubers may concentrate as much as up to 2 times more (134)Cs than foliage depending on deposition date of radionuclide.
在连续三年的微区田间试验中，于五个不同生长阶段对马铃薯植株叶片和块茎进行多次湿沉降（¹³⁴）铯叶面污染后，通过重复采样来研究污染水平。在生长季早期施用放射性核素（沉积日期为6月19日至27日，生长阶段II = 植株定植），在各采样时段马铃薯块茎中的（¹³⁴）铯活度浓度较低（第1、2和3年分别为平均60、25和115 Bq kg⁻¹干重）。在生长季中期进行放射性核素沉积（7月15日至24日，生长阶段III = 块茎开始形成）后，发现各采样时段块茎中的（¹³⁴）铯活度浓度最高（第1、2和3年分别为平均150、850和660 Bq kg⁻¹干重）。当在生长后期（8月5日至7日，生长阶段IV = 块茎膨大）喷施放射性核素时，各采样日期块茎中的（¹³⁴）铯活度浓度下降（第1、2和3年分别为平均75、310和395 Bq kg⁻¹干重）。8月下旬（8月15日至28日，生长阶段IV后期和生长阶段V开始 = 块茎成熟）的沉积导致块茎中的（¹³⁴）铯活度浓度更低。根据放射性核素的沉积日期，马铃薯块茎积累的（¹³⁴）铯可能比叶片多两倍。
