Katz Michelle, Giani Elisa, Laffel Lori
Genetics and Epidemiology Section, Harvard Medical School, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2015 Dec;15(12):119. doi: 10.1007/s11892-015-0692-4.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Specific risk factors associated with diabetes, such as hyperglycemia and kidney disease, have been demonstrated to increase the incidence and progression of CVD. Nevertheless, few data exist on the effects of traditional risk factors such as dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension on CVD risk in youth with T1D. Improvements in understanding and approaches to the evaluation and management of CVD risk factors, specifically for young persons with T1D, are desirable. Recent advances in noninvasive techniques to detect early vascular damage, such as the evaluation of endothelial dysfunction and aortic or carotid intima-media thickness, provide new tools to evaluate the progression of CVD in childhood. In the present review, current CVD risk factor management, challenges, and potential therapeutic interventions in youth with T1D are described.
心血管疾病（CVD）是1型糖尿病（T1D）患者发病和死亡的主要原因。已证实与糖尿病相关的特定风险因素，如高血糖和肾脏疾病，会增加心血管疾病的发病率和进展。然而，关于血脂异常、肥胖和高血压等传统风险因素对T1D青年患者心血管疾病风险影响的数据却很少。改善对心血管疾病风险因素的理解以及评估和管理方法，特别是针对T1D青年患者，是很有必要的。检测早期血管损伤的非侵入性技术的最新进展，如内皮功能障碍评估以及主动脉或颈动脉内膜中层厚度测量，为评估儿童期心血管疾病的进展提供了新工具。在本综述中，描述了T1D青年患者当前的心血管疾病风险因素管理、挑战及潜在的治疗干预措施。
