Kopp S
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1977 Mar;5(2):94-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1977.tb01004.x.
Repeated clinical examinations were performed 6 weeks apart on 34 patients with mandibular dysfunction to estimate the consistancy of clinical signs. The clinical examination of the patients included the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the mandibular movement capacity. The clinical dysfunction index (Di) was calculated as a measure of the degree of mandibular dysfunction. The highest agreement between examinations was found for maximal mouth opening and protrusion. The agreement for palpation tenderness of the masticatory muscles and TMJ, limited movement of the TMJ, TMJ sounds, and pain during movement was considerably lower. The lowest agreement within 6 weeks was found for the clinical dysfunction index. No statistically significant difference could be detected between the two examinations for any of the clinical signs, as a result of given information and counseling before the 6-week period. It was concluded that all clinical signs, except maximal mouth opening and maximal protrusion, showed low consistancy.
对34例下颌功能障碍患者每隔6周进行一次重复临床检查，以评估临床体征的一致性。对患者的临床检查包括咀嚼肌、颞下颌关节（TMJ）和下颌运动能力。计算临床功能障碍指数（Di）作为下颌功能障碍程度的指标。检查之间最大开口度和前伸的一致性最高。咀嚼肌和TMJ触压痛、TMJ活动受限、TMJ弹响以及运动时疼痛的一致性则低得多。6周内临床功能障碍指数的一致性最低。由于在6周期间之前提供了信息和咨询，两次检查之间的任何临床体征均未检测到统计学上的显著差异。得出的结论是，除最大开口度和最大前伸外，所有临床体征的一致性都很低。
