Solberg W K, Woo M W, Houston J B
J Am Dent Assoc. 1979 Jan;98(1):25-34. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1979.0008.
A sample of students (739) were questioned and examined for symptoms and signs associated with mandibular dysfunction. The most frequently mentioned symptoms were headache, TMJ sounds, and pain in the face or neck. No significant differences were found between men and women with symptoms other than headache. The most common dysfunctional signs were dull occlusal sounds on repeated, firm closure of the teeth, tenderness of muscles in the jaw or head, and sounds on condylar movement. Women had a higher prevalence of these signs. Subjects who were aware of bruxism (7.9%) were more likely to have tenderness of the masseter muscle and limited mouth opening. Limited mouth opening was associated with dull occlusal sounds, pain on opening the mouth, and sounds in TMJs. Headaches were associated with tenderness in muscles and joints. Subclinical signs associated with dysfunction occurred more frequently than did awareness of symptoms.
对739名学生样本进行了询问，并检查了与下颌功能障碍相关的症状和体征。最常提到的症状是头痛、颞下颌关节弹响以及面部或颈部疼痛。除头痛外，有症状的男性和女性之间未发现显著差异。最常见的功能障碍体征是反复用力闭口时出现钝性咬合音、颌部或头部肌肉压痛以及髁突运动时出现弹响。女性出现这些体征的患病率更高。知晓磨牙症的受试者（7.9%）更有可能出现咬肌压痛和张口受限。张口受限与钝性咬合音、张口时疼痛以及颞下颌关节弹响有关。头痛与肌肉和关节压痛有关。与功能障碍相关的亚临床体征比症状的知晓率更常见。
